Chivalry and the Roman Catholic Church

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Presentation transcript:

Chivalry and the Roman Catholic Church Organization and Structure

REVIEW Questions on Feudalism? Questions on Manorialism?

Feudalism

The Age of Chivalry Violent and dangerous time period… Knights were professional solders – main obligation was to serve in battle and protect the weak Rewarded with land and devoted lives to war *** Chivalry – a complex set of ideals; demanded that a knight fight bravely in defense of 3 masters His feudal lord His Heavenly Lord His Lady

Becoming a Knight Sons of nobles began training at an early age for knighthood – NOT hereditary nobility Page – at age 7 boys sent to another lord to be trained Squire – at 14 they act as a servant to a knight Knight- at 21 they become a knight and gain experience in local wars and tournaments ** Tournaments – (BIG for CULTURE) mock battles that combined recreation and combat training (bloody competitions)

Castles Stone castles were encircled by massive walls and guard towers Home to lord and lady, their family, knights, solders, and servants A fortress of defense Protection of manor Defending a Castle?

Castles and Keeps

Culture of Chivalry Epic Poems – Song of Roland Troubadours Women = lives of nobles versus peasants Eleanor of Aquitaine (she is so COOL!)

Power of the Church ROME DECLINES! CHURCH is the UNIFYING FORCE in EUROPE! Missionaries succeeded in spreading Christianity Created a system of justice to guide peoples conduct – Cannon Law – the law of the church POWER = Excommunication and interdict – the denial of the 7 sacraments (baptism, last rights) Adapted to rural conditions by building monasteries – religious communities (also educational centers) Rules est. by St. Benedict / became educated communities

Organization of the Church 4th Century = organization… Priests manage a PARISH → Bishops control a DIOCESE → Archbishop leads several Diocese → POPE = Bishop of Rome (Saint Peter) Papal power increased by Pope Gregory I Monks and Monestaries = Benedictine Rule Nuns and Abbesses

Kings, Popes and the Church Otto I of the Germans Lay Investiture – Gregory VII and Henry IV What happened at the Concordat of Worms? Frederick I (“Barbarossa”) Germany NOT unified!