An Array of Cells Spreadsheet is an array of cells Lines are part of GUI (delineate cells) Some entries appear to “straddle” cells

Sorting the Data Sorting is common operation First, highlight cells

Sorting the Data Sorting under “Data” tab Order can be ascending or descending

Sorting the Data Sorting algorithm orders by first letter Each cell entry is “atomic”

Adding More Data to the List Can format entries as in word processors italics, bold, font styles, font sizes, justification, colored text and so on Formatting ops under “Home” tab

Naming Rows and Columns Naming scheme Columns use letters Rows use numbers

Naming Rows and Columns Allows us to refer to a whole column by letter entire row by number

Naming Rows and Columns Reference block of cells (cell range) E.g., “B2:D7”

Headings Often give headings for rows and columns

Common Spreadsheet Operations

Computing with Spreadsheets Usu. process numerical data Numerical data is usu. associated with text

Writing a Formula Formulas start with “=” “= F2 * 0.621” Operators: +, -, *, /, ^

Writing a Formula

Writing a Formula Formulas are recalculated when referenced cells change in value H2 holds a formula, not text or a number “= F2 x 0.641”

Repeating a Formula Would like to repeat computation down column Enter them like first Copy/Paste Filling

Copy/Paste Select cell (^C) Highlight destination range Paste (^V)

Copy/Paste Note updated references Original cell: F2 * 0.621 Next cell: F3 * 0.621 …

Filling Filling is another way to copy info. Note “fill handle” in lower-right corner

Filling When handle is grabbed, it becomes a + “Pull” handle down column (or across row)

Transforming Formulas: Relative Versus Absolute Spreadsheet automatically transforms formulas as it pastes/fills them Two types of cell references Relative (F2) H2 = F2 * 0.621 Absolute ($F$2) H2: = $F$2 * 0.621

Relative Versus Absolute

Relative Versus Absolute Absolute references aren’t adjusted Four cases for references F2 $F2 F$2 $F$2

Cell Formats Readability E.g., # digits

Typical Formatting GUI

Cell Formats GUI options Type of info (Category) Number # decimal digits “1000s” separator Display of negatives

Functions Common summary operations sum average max =max(J2:J7) min

Functions fx : insert function Computation value inherits formatting of cell Dragged fn brings its formatting with it

Filling Hidden Columns Hidden columns between G and J Fns still present

Charts Graphical representation Select range Insert tab Various chart types

Charts Chart types Headings detected Value range determined Legend Horizonal axis Value range determined

Daily Spreadsheets Use of spreadsheets Performance in exercise program Budgets Record of favorite team’s successes Save records generated while online banking Address books

Solving a Problem of Personal Interest Scenario Time Zone Cheat Sheet Internet chatting with friends

Series Fill Handling of days, dates, and times Adding 1 to Sunday results in Monday Adding 1 to January 31 results in February 1 Adding 1 to 11:00 pm produces 12:00 am Fill handle or “Fill Series”

Time Zone Cheat Sheet

Getting Started

Solving a Problem of Personal Interest Scenario Paying Off Loan 5% interest rate To decide how much to borrow, create a spreadsheet of monthly payments required for different amounts borrowed for different times

Paying Off a Loan Initial Setup

Paying Off a Loan “Payment” (PMT) computation Inputs Monthly interest Rate Number of payments (Nper) Present value or the amount of the loan (Pv)

PMT GUI

Conditional Formatting Format dependent on criteria Home tab

Tab-Delimited Data Import foreign data Tab-delimited text M# Name Major 1111 Homer Simpson Nuclear Eng. 2222 Lisa Simpson Music Can copy and paste into spreadsheet

Tab-Delimited Data Copying an HTML table Depends on browser

Arranging Columns Manipulating rows and columns To re-arrange columns Insert a new empty column Cut and paste from old to new

Summary Array of cells Cell referencing Data types Formulas Formatting Absolute, relative, ranges Data types Formulas Formatting