Five Kingdoms of Living Things

Each living thing must have most of the following: Ability to MOVE around from place to place, or make things inside it move around EAT to get energy to breathe, move, and grow GROW during its lifetime BREATHE in gases REPRODUCE to make the next generation CHANGE as it reacts to the environment

Remembering is easy! My - move Elf - eat Baked - breathe Green and- grow Red - reproduce Cookies - change

Scientists divide all living things into 5 Kingdoms: Protist Monera Fungi Plant Animal

Protist: Complex, single-celled life forms Usually can only be seen through a microscope Can be parasites that cause disease Can make its own food or feed on other living things A protist has a nucleus Examples: ameba, paramecium, simple algae paramecium ameba

Monera: Simple single cells Shaped like rods, spirals, and round balls So small they can only be seen through a microscope No nucleus! Example: bacteria Bacteria

Protista and Monera protista monera living Has a nucleus Eukaryotic (complex) Most are single celled Prokaryotic (simple) Producers Or consumers protista monera living Examples: Kelp, ameba, paramecium No nucleus Has a nucleus Bacteria

Fungi: Many-celled organisms Absorb food from living or dead things (consumers) Parasitic “plants” (They are not true plants because they do not have chlorophyll to make their own food.) Examples: mushrooms, bread mold, penicillin, mildew, and yeast

Plants: Many cells Contain chlorophyll used to make their own food (producers) and gives them a green color (photosynthesis) Have cell walls Divided into two main groups: vascular and nonvascular plants

Two major groups of plants: A. Vascular plants: 1. Have conducting tissues (xylem and phloem), leaves, stems and roots. 2. Have a root system for anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients from the soil. 3. Have vessels that make tubes for moving water throughout the plant.

B. Non-vascular plants   1. Do not have leaves and roots. They are short. 2. Require water for fertilization so they must grow in moist habitats. 3. Reproduce by spores. 4. Have rhizoids that hold them in place.

Vascular and Nonvascular Tall Has roots, root hairs, stems, tubes Some have flowers, fruit, seeds Chlorophyll Some reproduce by spores Have a cell wall Need water, air, sunlight Short Do not have roots, leaves, flowers, root hairs, stems, fruit, tubes, seeds Chlorophyll Reproduce by spores Have a cell wall Need water, air, sunlight Have rhizoids that hold them in place but do not absorb water or nutrients

Vascular Vs. Non-Vascular has roots short chlorophyll have root hairs no roots vascular non-vascular Have plant cells can be tall Have vacuoles & cell walls Don’t have leaves, stems, or seeds anchored to dirt Make their own food

Animals: Divided into 2 main groups: 1. Invertebrates: animals without backbones 2. Vertebrates: animals with backbones Vertebrate Invertebrate

Can you compare and contrast the 5 kingdoms? Moneran Protist Fungus Plant Animal One-celled Has a nucleus more complex than monera Most are many- celled Many- Celled 2 main Groups Vascular Non- vascular Many- celled Vertebrates invertebrates One-celled with no membrane Bacteria Paramecium