Situation of poliomyelitis in nepal, sear and globe -Presented by :Sabin Adhikari -Roll No:97 -MBBS 3rd Batch CMC, 2069

Background Government of Nepal (GON) recognizes that childhood immunization is one of the most cost effective health interventions and thus puts strong emphasis on immunization in national policies and plans. The National Immunization Program (NIP), the successor to the Expanded Program on Immunization - EPI, is the priority programs of the GON. Nepal introduced Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in 1979 with three antigens in three districts. By the year 1988-89, the program expanded to all 75 districts of the country and included all six globally recommended antigens (BCG, DPT, Polio and Measles).

Wild Polio Cases in Nepal (1999-2009) Source: UNICEF Nepal

Wild Polio Cases In SEAR (2010-2011)

Polio Cases In SEAR In South East Asia Region (SEAR), India is the country reporting large number of polio cases. During the year 2009 a total of 741 cases of polio were reported in India, as against 559 cases in the year 2008. As in previous year the majority of cases were reported from Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

Global Case Count

Global Status of Polio According to the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), only 4 countries (Nigeria, India, Pakistan and Afghanistan) remain polio-endemic, an all-time low. Egypt, which had been considered polio-endemic, has remained free of poliovirus transmission for over 22 months.

About the Global Polio Eradication Initiative The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) is the largest ever public health undertaking in history. Since 1988 - the year the Global Polio Eradication Initiative was launched - the incidence of polio has been reduced by more than 99%. At the time, more than 350,000 children were paralyzed every year in more than 125 countries. As at 31 December 2009, 1,548 cases have been reported worldwide. Four countries remain endemic: Nigeria, India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Outbreaks in previously polio-free areas are ongoing in West Africa, Central Africa.

Photo Showing person suffering from poliomyelitis

References Park’s Textbook Of Preventive and Social Medicine http://www.who.int/immunization_monitoring/en/ globalsummary/timeseries/tsincidencepol.htm.