Figure 1. Scheme and photographs of the container for vitrification using the ‘straw in straw’ mode: (1) 0.5 ml straw; (2) metal closing ball; (3) open-pulled.

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Figure 1. Scheme and photographs of the container for vitrification using the ‘straw in straw’ mode: (1) 0.5 ml straw; (2) metal closing ball; (3) open-pulled straw; (4) vitrification medium with oocyte; (5) meniscus of vitrification medium. From: Aseptic technology of vitrification of human pronuclear oocytes using open-pulled straws Hum Reprod. 2005;20(2):492-496. doi:10.1093/humrep/deh605 Hum Reprod | Human Reproduction vol. 20 no. 2 © European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology 2004; all rights reserved

Figure 2. Development of oocytes after vitrification with direct cooling of open-pulled straws (OPS) in liquid nitrogen versus vitrification using cooling of OPS previously located in hermetically closed 0.5 ml straws. Superscripts a–b, c–d and e–f indicate significant differences (P < 0.05). From: Aseptic technology of vitrification of human pronuclear oocytes using open-pulled straws Hum Reprod. 2005;20(2):492-496. doi:10.1093/humrep/deh605 Hum Reprod | Human Reproduction vol. 20 no. 2 © European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology 2004; all rights reserved

Figure 3. The same 2PN oocyte before vitrification (1), and after warming: for 5 min (2 and 3 at a different focus), 6 h (4), 18 h (5), 30 h (6), 42 h (7), 66 h (8), 78 h (9), 96 h (10) and 96 h, stained by Hoechst 33342 (11). Bar=30 μm. From: Aseptic technology of vitrification of human pronuclear oocytes using open-pulled straws Hum Reprod. 2005;20(2):492-496. doi:10.1093/humrep/deh605 Hum Reprod | Human Reproduction vol. 20 no. 2 © European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology 2004; all rights reserved