This unit is to give us a better understanding of how English developed and how it is spoken in the world.

Can you name some countries in which English is a native language?

English Around the World Canada the United Kingdom the USA Ireland South Africa Australia New Zealand

The road to modern English At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.

10. Native English speakers can understand each 11 10. Native English speakers can understand each 11. other even if they don’t speak the same kind 12. of English. Look at this example: 13. British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? 14. American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to see your apartment.

15. So why has English changed over time. 16 15. So why has English changed over time? 16. Actually all languages change and develop 17. when cultures meet and communicate with 18. each other. At first the English spoken in 19. England between about AD 450 and 1150 20. was very different from the English spoken 21. today. It was based more on German than 22. the English we speak at present. Then 23. gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, 24. English became less like German because those 25. who ruled England spoke first Danish and later 26. French.

27. These new settlers enriched the English 28 27. These new settlers enriched the English 28. Language and especially its vocabulary. So 29. by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make 30. use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 31. In 1620 some British settlers moved to 32. America. Later in the 18th century some 33. British people were taken to Australia too. 34. English began to be spoken in both 35. countries.

36. Finally by the 19th century the language was 37. settle 36. Finally by the 19th century the language was 37. settle. At the time two big changes in 38. English spelling happened: first Samuel 39. Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah 40. Webster wrote The American Dictionary of 41. The English Language. The latter gave a 42. Separate identity to American English 43. spelling.

44. English now is also spoken as a foreign or 45 44. English now is also spoken as a foreign or 45. second language in South Asia. For example, 46. India has a very large number of fluent 47. English speakers because Britain ruled India 48. from 1765 to 1947. During that time English 49. became the language for government and 50. education. English is also spoken in 51. Singapore and Malaysia and countries in 52. Africa such as South Africa. Today the

53. number of people learning English in China is 54 53. number of people learning English in China is 54. Increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have 55. the largest number of English learners. Will 56. Chinese English develop its own identity? 57. Only time will tell.

Comprehension Choose the main idea of the text. B A. How to learn English well B. The development of Modern English C. How to travel to England D. The difference between Modern English and Old English

Scanning English had the most speakers in the 17th century. T F Ex.1, page 10 English had the most speakers in the 17th century. T F English developed when new settlers and rulers came to Britain. T F 3. Languages frequently change. T F

4. The language of the government is always the language of the country. T F 5. English is one of the official languages used in India. T F 6. This text describes the development of the English language. T F

SUMMARY: key points of the text: Para.1. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or foreign language than ever before. Para.2. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Para.3. All languages change when cultures communicate with each another. Para.4. Finally, by the 19th century the language was settled. Para.5. English is now also spoken as a foreign or second language in south Asia.

The road to modern English At the end of the 15th / 16th century, about five to seven / eight million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other towns / countries. Today, more people speak Chinese / English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.

10. Native English speakers can / cannot 11 10. Native English speakers can / cannot 11. understand each other even if they don’t 12. speak the same kind of English. Look at this example: 13. British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? 14. American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to see your apartment.

15. So why has English changed over time. 16 15. So why has English changed over time? 16. Actually all languages change and develop 17. when people / cultures meet and communicate 18. with each other. At first the English spoken in 19. England between about AD 450 and 1150 20. was very different from the English spoken 21. today. It was based more on Spanish / German 22. than the English we speak at present. Then 23. gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, 24. English became less like German because those 25. who ruled England spoke first Danish and later 26. French / Chinese.

27. These new settlers enriched the English 28 27. These new settlers enriched the English 28. Language and especially its v………….. So 29. by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to m….. 30. u.. o. a wider vocabulary than ever before. 31. In 1620 some British settlers moved to 32. Am……... Later in the 18th century some 33. British people were taken to Au………. too. 34. English began to be spoken in both 35. c…………...

36. Finally by the 15th / 19th century the 37. language was settled 36. Finally by the 15th / 19th century the 37. language was settled. At the time three / 38. two big changes in English spelling 39. happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his 40. dictionary / book and later Noah Webster 41. wrote The American Dictionary of The 42. English Language. The former / latter gave a 43. separate identity to American English spelling.

44. English now is also spoken as a foreign or 45 44. English now is also spoken as a foreign or 45. second language in S…….. A…. For example, 46. I….. has a very large number of fluent 47. English speakers because Britain ruled India 48. from 1765 to 1947. During that time English 49. became the language for g……….. and 50. education. English is also spoken in 51. S……….. and M………. and countries in 52. Africa such as S….. A…... Today the

53. number of people learning English in C…. is 54. increasing rapidly 53. number of people learning English in C….. is 54. increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have 55. the largest number of English l…….. Will 56. Chinese English develop its own i……..? 57. Only t… will tell.

Careful reading: Paragraph 1-Development of English people today the next century the end of the 16th century More people speak English in more countries English people travelled to many other countries England

Paragraph 2 A If an American is talking to an Englishman, _______. A. They will have almost no difficulty in understanding B. They will have a lot of misunderstandings between each other C. The American finds it difficult to understand the Englishman D. The English man finds it difficult to follow the American A

Why does English change over time? Read Paragraph 3 and answer the question: Why does English change over time? Because of cultural communication. (All languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.)

The development of the English language (Paragraphs 3-5) The road to modern English AD 450-1150 English was based more on _______. AD 800-1150 English became _____ like German because those who _____ England spoke first Danish and later French. In the 1600s _____________ made use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. German less ruled Shakespeare

government and education The road to modern English In 1620 Some British settlers moved to _________. Later in the 18th century Some British people were taken to __________. 1765-1947 English became the language for _________________________. America Australia government and education

The road to modern English By the 19th century The English language was settled. Two big changes in _______________ happened: Samuel Johnson wrote his __________ and Noah Webster wrote _____________________________ ____________________ Now English is also spoken as a foreign or second language _____________ _____________ ______ and so on. English spelling dictionary The American Dictionary of the English Language. in South Asia South Africa China

Why did English become a second language in India? Answer following questions. (Paragraph 5) Why did English become a second language in India? India was ruled by Britain from 1765 to 1947. During that time, English became the language for government and education.

Retell the text. At first, only people in ________ spoke English. Later, people from England _______ to other parts of the World, so English began to be spoken in ______ _____ _________. Today, _______ people speak English as their _____, second or foreign language. _______ English speakers _____ understand each other but ____ ___________. England moved many other countries more first Native can not everything

All languages change when ________ communicate with one another. So there is British English, American English, Australian English and so on. They all have their own ________. English is also spoken as a foreign or second language in _____ ____ _______, including China, where the number of people Learning English is increasing rapidly. cultures identity many other countries