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Announcements! Test: Wednesday! Tutorials—Wednesday @ 6:45AM You’ll need a sheet of paper (or two) for today! 

Living in South Asia

Agriculture 60% are in agriculture (India/ Bangladesh) Mostly subsistence farming Large use of animal power Plowing, waterwheels, work of tractor Dependent on rainfall

Agriculture Terracing in the highlands Fruit orchards in Pakistan Rice in Bangladesh/India Small farms in India Huge tea/rubber/coconut plantations in Sri Lanka (thanks to Europe) S.L. now has to import many foods

Green Revolution Since 1960s: want to increase and diversify crops Diversify crops, monitor irrigation, introduction of new fertilizers. India can now store and export grains Monsoons, though, interrupt cycles & modernization costs $$$ (debt) damages environment w/pesticides

Industries India’s economy- after independence in 1947  socialist (more govn’t control) Expanded home industry to be self-sufficient (slow growth for decades) But in 1990s, economic crisis led to market economy consumerism skyrocketed (2nd to U.S.)

Industries Textiles is huge (38 million workers) Grew out of history of cottage industries (employ workers in home) Gandhi used spinning wheel as symbol of strength & independence for India

Industries Mining and fishing are still prevalent Petroleum in Pak., graphite in S.L. Bang. = commercial fishers vs. local Iron & steel are major heavy industries Ship Breaking dismantle and melt down old ships

Chittagong, Bangladesh

Industries High-Technology Sector- computer, communications, aerospace, software Bangalore & Hyderabad= “India’s Silicon Valley” India is 2nd largest exporter of software

Outsourcing/Offshoring Transfer of management or production to another country Lower labor & energy costs Efficient land use Foundations for global expansion India is known for call centers, but that is w/ higher education.

Tourism Come to hike, hunt in Himalayas See India’s temples & festivals (millions of ppl per year) But religious and political violence is causing a drop in tourism (Sri Lanka, Kashmir) Some restrict tourists to preserve environ. Bhutan ( <5,000 tourist visas ea. year)

Gross Domestic Product What’s the Problem? Labor Force of India Agriculture: 60% Industry: 12% Services: 28% Gross Domestic Product Agriculture: 20% Industry: 19% Services: 61%

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