2F=Causes and Effects of the Civil War South/ Confederacy/ Gray North/ Union/ Blue H-SS 11.1.4- Examine the effects of the Civil War and Reconstruction and of the Industrial revolution, including demographic shifts and the emergence in the late nineteenth century of the United States as a world power.

Manifest Destiny Doctrine which stated that westward expansion of the United States was inevitable and a god-given right

Economic differences divide the agrarian South and industrial North Agrarian-farmers; interests of farmers---Mooo!

The North or Union had more industrial capacity The South or Confederate side based on agricultural export crops-tobacco, cotton

Abolitionist movement grows in the North Insisted that owning another human was morally wrong 2 million Americans treated as property and forced into labor Slaves could be whipped or sold at any time regardless of family ties

Issue: Keeping a balance of “Free” and “Slave” states as nation grew Issue: Keeping a balance of “Free” and “Slave” states as nation grew. Why? so one side could not change laws for or against slavery 1820 Missouri Compromise Missouri = slave Maine = free Both states admitted at same time; and the 36 30’ N Latitude line set as divide between slave and free territory

In 1850 California applied to enter as a free state Congress passed Compromise of 1850- it admitted California as a free state, however, any other new states in the territory acquired from Mexico, would vote and decide for themselves if they were a free or slave state which is Popular Sovereignty

Uncle Tom’s Cabin A book by Harriet Beecher Stowe became a best seller. It increased opposition to slavery in the North-antislavery novel

Violence in Kansas In 1854 Congress divided Nebraska Territory into Kansas and Nebraska Each area would use popular sovereignty to determine if free or slave Settlers rushed in to try to est. each state as free or slave-started a shooting war

Dred Scot vs. Sandford Dred Scott’s master took him from a slave state to a free state to live and work Scott sued him; He felt crossing the state line set him free

Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)-Supreme Court decision that widened growing division over slavery Issue: U.S. Constitution made slavery legal- If the gov’t did not allow a slave owner to bring his property (slaves) anywhere he/she wanted to (i.e. into the Western Territories), then the gov’t would be breaking the slave owner’s rights to his property. Remember: natural rights; life, liberty, property-John Locke- Dec. of Independence

In Dred Scott-the Supreme Court ruled that slaves had no right to sue anyone since they were property (like being sued by your car). In addition, ruled that federal gov’t did not have power to ban slavery in any territory and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional because it deprived them of their property w/o due process

Election of Abraham Lincoln leads to secession of southern states (Southern States left the Union)

Confederate troops fire on Fort Sumter starting the Civil War

Civil War (1861-1865) Confederacy is defeated and the Union restored Anaconda Plan Total War -destroy a country’s ability to make war

13th Amendment abolished slavery

14th Amendment – Grant U. S. citizenship to everyone born in the U. S 14th Amendment – Grant U.S. citizenship to everyone born in the U.S. & offers equal protection under the law to all. 15th Amendment – Grants African-American males the right to vote.

Much of the South lies in ruins after the war

Radical Reconstruction put the South under military rule that lasted until 1876

African Americans in South temporarily gain political rights But soon loose them once white southern power restored