Warm Up Put SONG projects in the tray 15 mins to work on skits

Warm Up – page 74 What was the Congress of Vienna? What was the purpose of The Balance of Power doctrine? What was the Act of Legitimacy? Who did conservatives want in power? Who did liberals want in power? Who led the Congress of Vienna

Revolutions

Latin American People win independence The American Revolution, French Revolution and Enlightenment ideas encouraged the people of Latin America to rise up against France, Spain and Portugal. Nationalism is occurring Extreme pride in their country Sick of being ruled by a foreign country Late 1700s early 1800

Who were they trying to get freedom from and why? Wanted independence from France, Portugal and Spain. The colonial powers (Spain, Portugal and France) were treating the Latin American people very poorly Colonial governments mirrored their home governments Europeans on top, natives (Latin Americans) at the bottom of the system Catholicism was forced upon the natives Europeans used the natives in slave-like roles to mine precious metals(silver)

Europeans used the major Latin American cites as outposts of colonial authority. Havana ,Mexico City , Lima , Sao Paulo, Buenos Aires Viceroys or colonial officers controlled the cities and treated the natives very poorly

Review List 3 reasons the people of Latin America wanted independence. What is inspiring the people of Latin America to try to gain independence.

Latin American Society

Latin American Society 1st- Peninsulars – men born in Spain (.1%) 2nd- Creoles- Spaniards born in Latin America (22.8) 3rd- Mestizos- mixed European and Indian (7.3) 4th- Mulattos- European and African decent 5th- Indians- (55%) Mestizos, Mulattos and Indian were always discriminated against Creoles (native borns) were educated and traveled to Spain often and did not believe they were getting the same rights as Spaniards. They followed Enlightenment ideas

Review Which social class led most of the revolutions.

The Major Rebellions

Haiti Saint Domingue was a French Colony Toussaint L’Ouventure and 10,000 slaves rose up and freed slaves throughout the colony On January 1, 1804 Haiti was declared an independent colony

                                                                                                                                                                                                        

The Liberators End Spanish Rule Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin were two brilliant generals Simon Bolivar freed Venezuela Jose de San Martin freed Chile and Peru from Spanish control on Dec. 9th 1824

Mexico Ends Spanish Rule Started with Miguel Hidalgo 1821- the Central American states declared independence from Spain

Brazil freed from Portugal On September 7, 1822 Brazil won its independence through a bloodless revolution

Review 1. Who led the Haitian Revolution? 2. From which country were the Haitians trying to gain independence from? 3. Which countries did Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin free? Who did they free them from? 4. Who freed Mexico? 5. How was the Brazilian revolution different from the others? Who were the gaining independence from?

What was the US doing? President Monroe issued The Monroe Doctrine in 1823. Latin American nations were acknowledged to be independent. The United States would regard as a threat to its own peace and safety any attempt by European powers to impose their system on any independent state in the Western Hemisphere Europeans stay away from the Americas

Review What was the Monroe Doctrine?

Revolution Disrupts Europe Congress of Vienna tried to restore the monarchies Revolution, many unsuccessful, erupted across Europe between 1815 and 1848

What are people fighting about in Europe Some countries are fighting for independence from other countries Examples: Greece becomes independent from the ottoman Empire Poland tries to free itself from Russia, but fails Nationalism is occurring- Pride in their own independent country Other countries are having revolutions similar to the French Revolution, trying to kick out a monarch or king. In these countries, liberals, Conservative and radicals are fighting over who should rule Liberals-limited democracy Conservatives- monarchies Radicals – full democracy to all people Conservatism and liberals seesawed back and forth- eventually by 1848 conservatism won Monarchies back in power

Review What type of government do the following parties support Liberals Conservatives Radicals By 1848, which party dominated most of Europe?

The terms of the Congress of Vienna led to widespread discontent in Europe especially in Italy and the German states. Unsuccessful revolutions of 1848 increased nationalistic tensions. In contrast to continental Europe, Great Britain expanded political rights through legislative means and made slavery illegal in the British Empire

Review Were most Latin American revolutions successful? Were most of the European revolutions successful? Which country was the most advanced country in Europe? How were they progressing?