3-1: England and Its Colonies

1. Why did Parliament pass the Navigation Acts? To tighten England’s control over colonial trade To protect the country from economic competition To increase England’s wealth and power

2. How did these acts benefit England Increased England’s wealth by creating and protecting jobs for England’s citizens Protected English access to certain colonial goods

3. How did these acts benefit the colonies? It spurred a boom in the ship-building industry It led England to support the development of numerous colonial industries

4. How did the acts hurt the colonies It restricted trade

Cause: The Glorious Revolution 5. Why did it occur? Unpopularity of King James II, especially because of his Catholicism and his desire to head off the possibility of a Roman Catholic dynasty in England

Effects: 6. How did this revolution affect England It led to the establishment of Parliament’s power over the crown

7. How did it affect the colonies? The colonies’ original charters were restored It led to requirements for more religious freedom in Massachusetts Led to salutary neglect (Parliament rarely enforced the laws)

Balance of Trade- Mercantilism Balance of Trade: The difference in value between what a country buys and what it sells (A favorable Balance of Trade = selling more goods than it buys) Mercantilism: A theory that countries get rich through having colonies …So, the key to achieving a favorable balance of trade was establishing colonies

Salutary Neglect-Mercantilism Salutary Neglect: An English policy of not strictly enforcing laws in its colonies … As a result colonial assemblies held a good deal of power and were then able to practice an early form of self-government since Parliament was not closely supervising their colony

Dominion of New England- Sir Edmund Andros Dominion of New England: A huge colony formed by the King of England which included land from Southern Maine to New Jersey Sir Edmund Andros: Governor appointed by the King of England to govern over the Dominion of England. He angered the colonists by outlawing local government and forcing new taxes on the colonists