CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTION AND MITIGATION IN TONGA Pacific Climate Change Roundtable 2-3 October Suva, Fiji

CURRENT PROGRAM/PROJECTS Climate Resilience Sector Project - Asian Development Bank Adapting to Climate Change & Sustainable Energy Project - European Union-GIZ Third National Communication Project - United Nations Development Program Ozone Depleting Substances Project - United Nations Environment Program

PIPELINE PROGRAMS Tonga ‘Readiness’ Program - Green Climate Fund Tonga Energy Efficiency ‘Readiness’ Program - Green Climate Fund/CTCN Tonga Coastal Protection Project - Green Climate Fund/UNDP Tonga Energy Project - Green Climate Fund/ADB Tonga Coastal Ecosystems Resilience Project - Green Climate Fund/SPREP/IUCN Climate Ready Project - USAID Global Climate Change Alliance Plus Project - European Union/SPC Capacity Building Initiative on Transparency Project - UN/GEF/SPREP National Action Plan – Global Support Program - UNDP

PROJECT SITE

KEY POINTS Focus on 6 low lying villages (namely Fo’ui, Ha’avakatolo, Kolovai, ‘Ahau, Kanokupolu and Ha’atafu) Topographic elevation of these coastal villages are less than 2m above the mean sea level Coastal flooding linked to a combination of climate change related factors (such as storm surge events) Inappropriate anthropogenic related interventions including poor seawall design, sand mining and land development.

‘AHAU VILLAGE

ADAPTATION MEASURES COMBINATION OF HARD AND SOFT ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS (EbA) (drainage/flushing/”green belt” Sand-bags concepts etc.). CAPACITY PROGRAMMES INTRODUCED TO COMMUNITY/VILLAGES AWARENESS AND UNDERSTANDING (Schools & Village) REGULAR MONITORING AND MAINTENANCE/ COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION/INVOLVMENT

LESSONS LEARNT COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT/OWNERSHIP IMPERATIVE TARGETED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS PRIMARY SCHOOLS FROM VICINITY ESTABLISHMENT OF HIHIFO WESTERN COASTAL (COMMITTEE DISTRICT OFFICERS & TOWN OFFICERS) COMMUNITY INITIATIVES CATERING COLLABORATION WITH NGO’S & LINE MINISTRIES CONSTANT CONTACT WITH COMMUNITIES

CHALLENGES LAND ISSUES (PROPOSED BUILD SITE) LACK LOCAL TECHNICAL EXPERTISE (OVERSEAS RECRUITMENT) TIME FRAME DELAYS POLITICAL CLIMATE (ELECTIONS) COASTAL PROTECTION NOT PROPERLY ENGINEERED (INAUNDATION) LAND DRAINAGE FROM ROAD TO SEA POOR ROAD CULVERTING REMOVAL OF COASTAL FOREST/MANGROVES ALLOWS EROSION/DEGRADATION SAND MINING AMPLIFIES INUNDATION (NATURAL BUFFERS) UNPLANNED DEVELOPMENT

JOINT NATIONAL ACTION PLAN II OVERVIEW CURRENTLY BEING FINALIZED FOLLOW ON REVIEW BEFORE PUBLICATION (TBC) SUCCESSES R2R PROJECT PACIFIC RISK RESILIENCE PROJECT LIDAR SURVEY FOR LIFUKA HA’APAI NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE WEEK 2017 TRUST FUND

Policy, Planning, Finance, Projects JNAP Task Force MEIDECC MAFFF MoH MoFNP MIA CSO’s PRIVATE JNAP Task Force CCDRM WG COORDINATION Policy, Planning, Finance, Projects

Policy, Planning, Finance, Projects JNAP NGO Forum Dept. Climate Change National Emergency Management Office Civil Society Forum of Tonga Tonga Red Cross Tonga Community Development Trust CARITAS Tonga Langa ‘oe Fonua [Women’s Group] Tonga Chamber of Commerce & Industry JNAP NGO Forum CCDRM WG COORDINATION Policy, Planning, Finance, Projects

JNAP Governance Structure PARLIAMENT Standing Committee on Environment, CCDRM CABINET Climate Change Cabinet Committee DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS Financing, TA NECC National Environment & CC Coordinating Committee CIVIL SOCIETY NECC & NEMC Joint Meeting CCDRM MEIDECC JNAP Secretariat PRP FRDP Regional Coordinating Body PRIVATE SECTOR   NEMC National Emergency Management Committee JNAP Task Force CCDRM WG JNAP NGO Forum CCDRM WG CROP AGENCIES Regional Programs, TA MEIDECC – Merged agencies deal directly with CCDRM. MEIDECC established in 2014 JNAP Sec. established in 2010 and housed in Dept. Climate Change – support Taskforce through provision of operational and technical guidance Viewed as viable entry point for CCDRM initiatives by donors and development partners, CROPs, and Multilateral Agencies JNAP Taskforce established as TWG for coordinating all CCDRM activity Information via JNAP Taskforce is channeled to all members including respective Govt. Ministries, CSO/NGO’s, Private Sector, and Community Leaders. Joint NECC & NEMC Meeting – Reporting of all JNAP implementation is channeled to this meeting. Provides High-Level Policy Coordination on CCDRM NECC & NEMC – Respective bodies providing High-Level Policy Coordination to CCDRM CCCC – High-Level Decision Making Body for endorsement CCDRM Policies, Plans, and Legislation. Members include MEIDECC, MLSNR, Justice, Finance, Infrastructure Parliamentary Committee – Political Support – maintain CCDRM as High-Priority amongst MPs PRP Structure aligns well with Tonga JNAP Structure - MULTILATERAL AGENCIES Financing, TA PRIVATE SECTOR JNAP Implementation M & E, and Reporting CSO’s/NGO’s JNAP Implementation M & E, and Reporting MINISTRIES JNAP Implementation M & E, and Reporting   COMMUNITIES JNAP Implementation M & E, and Reporting  

CHALLENGES National Entry Point - Political & Operational Focal Points Human Resources – Established positions Financial Resources – Budget Allocation Committee Membership – Attendance & Alternate representation Communication – National CC Portal, Dropbox Coordination – Policy overlap/Parameters Mainstreaming & Streamlining – Individual Sector Plans/ Alignments

OPPORTUNITIES FUNDING FOR INDIVIDUAL SECTOR PLANS WHICH FULLY INCORPORATES CC/DRM SPECIALIZED DRM PERSONNEL FOR EACH MINISTRY BETTER AWARENESS FOR CHAMBER AND COMMERCE/BUSINESS OWNERS

MALO ‘AUPITO THANK YOU www.climatechange.gov.to