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February 2016 © Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd, 2016 This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members of The PiXL Club. It may not be copied, sold nor transferred to a third party or used by the school after membership ceases. Until such time it may be freely used within the member school. All opinions and contributions are those of the authors. The contents of this resource are not connected with nor endorsed by any other company, organisation or institution. www.pixl.org.uk The PiXL Club Ltd, Company number 07321607

How to deliver the DDT Booster Administer the short diagnosis test. Mark the test. Work through the therapy slides completing the model questions and answers. Complete the question slides for students to self or peer assess. Administer the final test.

Conduction and convection Edexcel Core - Solar System and Radiation P1.1 P1.2 – Electromagnetic Radiation Model Questions As the wavelength of electromagnetic waves increases, what happens to the frequency of the waves? What is the speed of light in km/s? Model Answers Frequency decreases. 300 000km/s. The energy of each photon. The Electromagnetic Spectrum The spectrum of electromagnetic waves is continuous from the longest wavelengths (radio waves) through to the shortest wavelengths (gamma rays). All electromagnetic waves are transverse waves that can travel through a vacuum. They all travel through empty space at a speed of 300 000 000 m/s. Radio waves have the longest wavelength, lowest frequency and lowest energy. Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength, highest frequency and highest energy. CLICK to reveal MODEL ANSWER P1.1.3a/P1.1.1

Conduction and convection Edexcel Core - Solar System and Radiation P1.1 P1.2– Reflection and Refraction Model Questions What is the name of the dotted line at a right angle to the mirror? As the angle of incidence increases, the angle of reflection ………………………? When a light ray travelling through the air enters water it bends which way? Model Answers The Normal line Also increases. Towards the normal. Reflection and refraction of light rays. Angle of incidence = angle of reflection. The image you see is a virtual image and appears to come from behind the mirror. Refraction is the bending of light (it also happens with sound, water and other waves) as it passes from one transparent substance into another. http://www.ndt-ed.org/TeachingResources/NDT_Tips/Graphics/reflection.jpg CLICK to reveal MODEL ANSWER P1.1.3a/P1.1.1

Conduction and convection Edexcel Core - Solar System and Radiation P1.1 P1.2– Wave Structure Model Questions What do the arrows A and B represent on the transverse wave? What do sections C and D represent on the longitudinal wave? What is the wavelength of a radio wave that has a frequency of 200kHz (speed of light = 300 000 000m/s) Model Answers A = amplitude B = wavelength C = compression D = rarefaction V = f x λ λ = v = 300 000 000 1500m f 200 000 For transverse waves the displacement of the medium is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the wave. In longitudinal waves the displacement of the medium is parallel to the propagation of the wave. Sound waves are longitudinal waves. Wave formula: Velocity = frequency x wavelength A B http://www.who.int/ionizing_radiation/about/what_is_ir/en/ C D CLICK to reveal MODEL ANSWER P1.1.3a/P1.1.1

Conduction and convection Edexcel Core - Solar System and Radiation P1.1 P1.2– Model of the Solar System Model Question Give two pieces of evidence that the sun is the centre of the solar system and not the Earth. Model Answer Jupiter’s moons do not orbit the Earth Jupiter’s moons are held in orbit and do not float away Galileo made a number of observations that finally helped convince people that the Sun-centred solar system model (the heliocentric model). Galileo saw, near Jupiter, what he first thought to be stars. When he discovered that the stars were actually going around Jupiter, he realized they were moons. This means that the Earth could not be the only centre of motion. Galileo’s observations also showed that the moons of Jupiter were not being left behind as Jupiter moved. CLICK to reveal MODEL ANSWER P1.1.3a/P1.1.1

P1.1 P1.2 Solar System and Radiation - Questions Name two types of radiation which have a shorter wavelength than visible light. Why do light waves bend when they enter glass from the air? Calculate the frequency of a red light wave of 7.0 x 10-9m. Speed of light = 3.0 x 108m/s. 4. Name three types of electromagnetic wave commonly used to study the Universe. 5. What is meant by a geocentric model of the solar system?

P1.1 P1.2 Solar System and Radiation - Answers Name two types of radiation which have a shorter wavelength than visible light. Infrared, microwaves, radio waves. Why do light waves bend when they enter glass from the air? One side of the light wave strikes the glass before the other and so slows down first. If one side travels slower than the other, the ray will bend. Calculate the frequency of a red light wave of 7.0 x 10-9m. Speed of light = 3.0 x 108m/s. f = v / λ  = 3.0 x 108m/s / 7.0 x 10-9m = 4.28 x 1014Hz 4. Name three types of electromagnetic wave commonly used to study the Universe. All em waves are used to study the Universe! 5. What is meant by a geocentric model of the solar system? One where the Earth is at the centre of the solar system and everything revolves around the Earth.

Final test DTT Booster Students now complete the final test. Compare this to what they achieved in the diagnostic test.