Accounting Determination and Automatic Postings

Lecture Overview Automated postings (GR / IR)

Automated Postings (Intro) There are many places in the SAP system where automatic account determination and subsequent automatic postings are performed All of this is configured through the IMG You create a set of posting rules for a particular subsystem

Automated Material Postings When we receive or consume materials (goods receipt / goods issue) the transaction is automatically posted to various inventory and other accounts This happens through a rule-based assignment process There are rules used to value materials There are rules used to assign G/L accounts to certain types of transactions We call these automated postings

Automated Material Postings IMG transactions to define material valuation

Valuation Area and Group (1) Remember that an SAP valuation area is either a plant or company (plant / company valuation) Global Bike uses plant-level valuation as most do

Valuation Area and Group (2) A valuation group is used to optionally support different account determination rules between plants Materials in different plants by assigning plants to different valuation groups Different plants can record goods movements to different inventory accounts Global Bike uses one valuation grouping code so one group of G/L accounts is shared by all plants

Valuation Area and Group (3) Valuation grouping can be enabled or disabled Transaction code OMWM enables or disables valuation grouping

Valuation Area and Group (4) IMG: Materials Management -> Valuation and Account Assignment -> Account Determination -> Account Determination Without Wizard -> Group Together Valuation Areas (OMWD)

Valuation Class and Account Category Reference (1) Remember that a valuation class is used to determine the G/L account updated resulting from a material-relevant transaction A valuation class also belongs to an account category And the account category links the valuation class with the material type

Account Category Reference This is the link between valuation classes and material types Materials Management -> Valuation and Account Assignment -> Account Determination -> Account Determination Without Wizard -> Define Valuation Classes (OMSK)

Valuation Classes A valuation class belongs to an account category reference and materials have a valuation class

Valuation Classes and Material If I create a raw material (Create Special) I can only select those valuation classes for ARef 0001

Material type / Account Category Reference Raw materials belong to the account category reference 0001

Summary The material type Raw Materials (ROH) belongs to the Account Reference Raw Materials Reference (0001) Valuation classes 0710, 7020, 3000,3001,3002,3003 belong to Aref (0001)

Illustration Account Reference Valuation Class Material Type

PART 2 AND NOW FOR THE TRANSACTIONAL PART OF AUTOMATIC POSTINGS

Configuring Automatic Postings Invoice verification and inventory management transactions are posted automatically to financial and cost accounting systems Materials belonging to a valuation class have an associated ( automatically determined) inventory (G/L) account

Account Determination Company code determines the relevant chart of accounts (GL00) for Global Bike Company code and plant determine the valuation area and valuation group (discussed previously Transaction key is determined from the goods movement type We connect the transaction key to G/L account numbers here Material valuation class

Table T020 tells the story Global Bike uses the same valuation grouping code for all plants (0001) Note how the different valuation classes point to different accounts

Table T020 tells the story For transaction key BSX (Inventory Posting), valuation class 3000 (Raw Materials) posts to G/L account 200000 (Inventory-Raw Materials) For transaction key BSX (Inventory Posting) Valuation class 3100 (trading goods) posts to G/L account 200200 (trading goods

Transaction Keys Transaction keys play a pivotal role in automatic postings These SAP predefined transaction keys are used for various types of goods movements Transaction code BSX is used for all posting to material stocks (goods receipt and goods issue)

Configure Automatic Postings Transaction keys are part of the automatic posting process

Configure Automatic Postings Transaction keys are grouped by function These apply to materials management Use transaction key BSX for inventory postings

Configure Automatic Postings Transaction key BAX Association the various valuation classes with specific accounts

Configure Automatic Postings Rules determine how the accounting determination is performed Based on valuation class in this case

Configure Automatic Postings A posting key determines Valid account types Whether the posting is a debit or credit posting Layout of entry screens (we are not concerned with screen layout here Posting keys are defined at the client level SAP delivers a number of predefined posting keys

Configure Automatic Postings SAP predefined posting keys

Configure Automatic Postings Posting keys for transaction key BSX Posting key 89 is for stock inward movement Posting key 90 is for stock outward movement