Through the life and letters of the Apostle Paul A Journey Through the life and letters of the Apostle Paul Week 4

Spreading the word throughout the land Paul’s Third Journey “Scripture quotations are from the ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), copyright © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved.” Spreading the word throughout the land

Paul’s Third Journey – Acts 18:23-21:16 Galatia and Phrygia Ephesus Macedonia Greece (Achaia) Macedonia, Philippi, and Troas Assos, Mitylene; near Chios, Samos Traveled With: Timothy, Luke, and Others Main Route: Turkey, Greece, Lebanon, Israel Cities/Places: 2700 miles

Paul’s Third Journey – Acts 18:23-21:16 (Trogyllium), Miletus Cos, Rhodes, Patara Tyre and Ptolemais Caesarea Jerusalem Traveled With: Timothy, Luke, and Others Main Route: Turkey, Greece, Lebanon, Israel Cities/Places: 2700 miles

Itinerary of Paul’s Third Journey City/Island Province/Region Reference Antioch Syria Acts 18:22 Galatia Acts 18:23 Asia (region of Phrygia) Ephesus Asia Acts 19:1–40 Macedonia Acts 20:1–2 Corinth? Achaia Acts 20:2–3 Acts 20:3 Philippi Acts 20:6 Troas Acts 20:6–12 Assos Acts 20:13–14

Itinerary of Paul’s Third Journey City/Island Province/Region Reference Mitylene Asia Acts 20:14 Chios/Samos Acts 20:15 Miletus Acts 20:15–38 Cos Acts 21:1 Rhodes Patara Lycia Tyre Syria Acts 21:3–6 Ptolemais Acts 21:7 Caesarea Palestine Acts 21:8–14 Jerusalem Acts 21:15–17

Paul’s Third Missionary Journey Week 3 Recap Paul’s Third Missionary Journey Paul stays in Antioch Autumn of 52 AD to the Summer of 53 AD (Acts 18:23) Luke doesn’t report on Paul’s report Travels westward through Galatia Strengthening churches and brethren Arrives in Ephesus Autumn 53 AD

Paul’s Third Missionary Journey Week 3 Recap Paul’s Third Missionary Journey Ephesus phase Two years Macedonian and Corinth Phase The Long Journey Back to Jerusalem Encouraged all the churches along the way Third journey begins around 53 AD Ends around Pentecost 57 AD A possible short visit to Corinth (2 Cor. 13:1), correspondence with the Corinthians (1 Cor. 5:9 and 7:1), the sending ahead of Timothy and Erasmus to Macedonia and the writing of 1 Corinthians (Acts 19:21-22). A silversmith named Demetrius and his trade union cause a riot about miniature silver models of the temple of Artemis (19:23-40).

Paul’s Third Missionary Journey Objectives to the Third Journey 1 – Pastoral 2 – Strengthening the disciples (Acts 18:23) 3 – Set aside every “first day of the week” as a love gift “for the saints” of Jerusalem The nature of the third missionary journey was chiefly pastoral; Paul aimed to strengthen the churches both by his personal support and by his letters. And the choice of route was made accordingly. Beginning from Galatia and Phrygia, Paul travelled round "all" the churches "strengthening all the disciples" (18:23). At the same time he gave instructions that each person should set aside every "first day of the week" as a love gift "for the saints“ of Jerusalem a suitable sum of money according to his means. It would be taken later with an accompanying letter, as he had also commanded the Galatians (1 Cor. 16:1-4). At his main destination of Ephesus Paul stayed for over two years. Aquila and Priscilla explain to Apollos "the way of God more adequately" (18:24-28). Paul baptizes twelve of John the Baptist's disciples (19:1-7). Paul works in the local synagogue for three months, speaking "of the Kingdom of God" (19:8). Afterwards he moves to the lecture hall of Tyrannus, where for two years he holds "discussions" and "all the Jews and Greeks who lived in the province of Asia heard the word of the Lord. "Paul performs "extraordinary miracles" and those who have practiced pagan magic burn their books on the bonfire (19:8-20). A possible short visit to Corinth (2 Cor. 13:1), correspondence with the Corinthians (1 Cor. 5:9 and 7:1), the sending ahead of Timothy and Erasmus to Macedonia and the writing of 1 Corinthians (Acts 19:21-22). A silversmith named Demetrius and his trade union cause a riot about miniature silver models of the temple of Artemis (19:23-40).

Ephesus Background Controlled by the Romans in 190 BC Bergamian kings ruled until King Attalos 3rd died 133BC During the reign of Augustus population was 225,000 Became the capital of the new Asia Gateway to foreign countries for trade Center for learning Positioned near several key land routes in western Asia Minor

Ephesus Background Considered the greatest emporium in the province of Asia Minor The grandiose theater “great is Artemis of the Ephesians” (Acts 19:29–40) Held 24,000+ spectators Curetes Street led down to the agora with its Basilika Stoa and town hall Ephesus was a wealthy port city in the Roman province of Asia The temple of Artemis (one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world) Curetes Street led to the commercial agora neighboring the theater;

Ephesus Curetes Street Curetes Street led to the commercial agora neighboring the theater; Market square was very large and could be entered through the Mazaeus and Mithradates Gates (these gates were built in honor of Caesar Augustus and Marcus Agrippa). There were many shops that lined the agora up and down the Curetes Street Some of the more wealthy residents of Ephesus were found just off of Curetes St; most people living in Ephesus, however, were of the common servant class.

ephesus state agora

Ephesus Curetes Street Curetes Street led to the commercial agora neighboring the theater; Market square was very large and could be entered through the Mazaeus and Mithradates Gates (these gates were built in honor of Caesar Augustus and Marcus Agrippa). There were many shops that lined the agora up and down the Curetes Street Some of the more wealthy residents of Ephesus were found just off of Curetes St; most people living in Ephesus, however, were of the common servant class.

Roman Basilica 160 meters long Near northern part of the state agora Used for stock exchange and commercial business Meetings of the law courts Three gates opening onto a stoa leading to the Bath of Varius

Temple of Artemis Built: ~323 BC Function: Temple to Goddess Artemis Destroyed: 262 AD by Goths Size: Length 425 ft. (129m) Made of: Mostly marble Other: One of the Seven Wonders of the World Temple of Artemis Location: Ephesus (Present day Turkey) Built: ~323 BC Function: Temple to Goddess Artemis Destroyed: 262 AD by Goths Size: Length 425 ft. (129m) Made of: Mostly marble Other: One of the Seven Wonders of the World The Ephesus goddess Artemis (sometimes called Diana) different figure as was the one who was worshiped in Greece. The Greek Artemis was the goddess of the hunt. The Ephesus Artemis was a goddess of fertility and was often pictured as draped with eggs or multiple breasts, symbols of fertility, from her waist to her shoulders.

Temple of Artemis Location: Ephesus (Present day Turkey) Built: ~323 BC Function: Temple to Goddess Artemis Destroyed: 262 AD by Goths Size: Length 425 ft. (129m) Made of: Mostly marble Other: One of the Seven Wonders of the World The Ephesus goddess Artemis (sometimes called Diana) different figure as was the one who was worshiped in Greece. The Greek Artemis was the goddess of the hunt. The Ephesus Artemis was a goddess of fertility and was often pictured as draped with eggs or multiple breasts, symbols of fertility, from her waist to her shoulders.

Temple of Artemis Location: Ephesus (Present day Turkey) Built: ~323 BC Function: Temple to Goddess Artemis Destroyed: 262 AD by Goths Size: Length 425 ft. (129m) Made of: Mostly marble Other: One of the Seven Wonders of the World The Ephesus goddess Artemis (sometimes called Diana) different figure as was the one who was worshiped in Greece. The Greek Artemis was the goddess of the hunt. The Ephesus Artemis was a goddess of fertility and was often pictured as draped with eggs or multiple breasts, symbols of fertility, from her waist to her shoulders.

Temple of Artemis

https://upload. wikimedia https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Artemis_of_Ephesus_MAN_Napoli_Inv6278.jpg

https://upload. wikimedia https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Artemis_of_Ephesus_MAN_Napoli_Inv6278.jpg

https://upload. wikimedia https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Ephesus_Celsus_Library_Fa%C3%A7ade.jpg **Celsus Library (Built after Paul’s death) in 135 AD by Julius Aguila

https://upload. wikimedia https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Celsus_Library,_Ephesus_Turkey.jpg Celsus Library (Built after Paul’s death) in 135 AD by Julius Aguila

Celsus Library (Built after Paul’s death) in 135 AD by Julius Aguila

Paul in Ephesus Discovers twelve believers who were baptized as a sign of repentance (Acts 19:1-7) Had not heard about The Holy Spirit Outpouring of the Spirit at Pentecost (Acts 2) Little known of Jesus’ Life and ministry Relocated before ministry of Jesus started (Acts 18:25)

Acts 19:1-7 And it happened that while Apollos was at Corinth, Paul passed through the inland country and came to Ephesus. There he found some disciples. 2 And he said to them, “Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?” And they said, “No, we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit.” 3 And he said, “Into what then were you baptized?” They said, “Into John's baptism.”

Acts 19:1-7 4 And Paul said, “John baptized with the baptism of repentance, telling the people to believe in the one who was to come after him, that is, Jesus.” 5 On hearing this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. 6 And when Paul had laid his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came on them, and they began speaking in tongues and prophesying. 7 There were about twelve men in all.

Paul in Ephesus Speaks boldly in the synagogue for 3 months Unbelievers speak evil of the Way (cf Acts 9) Withdraws to hall of Tyrannus Hall From 11 am to 4 pm Preached about two years

Paul in Ephesus Paul displays extraordinary miracles Sons of Sceva Handkerchiefs and aprons healed the sick Healings much like that of Jesus Sons of Sceva 15 But the evil spirit answered them, “Jesus I know, and Paul I recognize, but who are you?” 16 And the man in whom was the evil spirit leaped on them, mastered all of them and overpowered them, so that they fled out of that house naked and wounded. (Acts 19:15-16)

Trouble at Ephesus New believers at Ephesus Idol-makers started riot Burned their magic books – 50,000 pieces of silver Stopped idol worship Idol-makers started riot Angry loss of business Demetrius – silversmith praised the goddess Diana The persecution and opposition ultimately strengthened true Christians and spread the gospel

Artist rendition of the burning of the 10,000 scrolls

Trouble at Ephesus Demetrius creates trouble Silver shrines of the temple of Artemis People traveled to Ephesus to worship Artemis “Men, you know that from this business we have our wealth. 26 And you see and hear that not only in Ephesus but in almost all of Asia this Paul has persuaded and turned away a great many people, saying that gods made with hands are not gods. 27 And there is danger not only that this trade of ours may come into disrepute but also that the temple of the great goddess Artemis may be counted as nothing, and that she may even be deposed from her magnificence, she whom all Asia and the world worship.” (Acts 19:25b-27)

Trouble at Ephesus Ephesus turned and cried “Great is Artemis of the Ephesians!” Gaius and Aristarchus apprehended Paul is urged by the Asiarchs to stay away Asiarchs were the keepers of the imperial Roman cult in Asia; they were of high rank and were concerned about the safety of their fellow citizen Paul

Trouble at Ephesus The crowd shouted him down, knowing that Jews opposed any foreign gods Town clerk assures the Ephesians – their reputation is fine “Sacred stone from the sky” “Neither sacrilegious nor blasphemers of our goddess” Tells Demetrius and the craftsmen to take their complaint to the courts

Acts 19:35-41 35 And when the town clerk had quieted the crowd, he said, “Men of Ephesus, who is there who does not know that the city of the Ephesians is temple keeper of the great Artemis, and of the sacred stone that fell from the sky? 36 Seeing then that these things cannot be denied, you ought to be quiet and do nothing rash. 37 For you have brought these men here who are neither sacrilegious nor blasphemers of our goddess.

Acts 19:35-41 38 If therefore Demetrius and the craftsmen with him have a complaint against anyone, the courts are open, and there are proconsuls. Let them bring charges against one another. 39 But if you seek anything further, it shall be settled in the regular assembly. 40 For we really are in danger of being charged with rioting today, since there is no cause that we can give to justify this commotion.” 41 And when he had said these things, he dismissed the assembly.

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