Female Reproductive Anatomy Breasts Two glandular structures that produce milk for a newborn in response to hormonal secretion and stimulation of the infant sucking. This process is called lactation. You will need to be able to define and identify the yellow terms throughout the presentation.

Anatomy of the Breasts Color what we know: Ribs & Clavicle (A) leave white Intercostal muscles (B) pink Pectoralis major muscle (C) pink Superficial Fascia (Adipose tissue, E) yellow

Breast Growth in Puberty Suspensory Ligaments – support adipose tissue by connecting from the pect muscle to the skin; run through the superficial fascia (fat) that enlarges in pubescent females thus determining breast size. Color (F) pink

Breast Growth in Puberty Lactiferous Duct – undeveloped in male and non-lactating/pregnant female. Carry milk to nipple in pregnant females Color (H) green Lactiferous Sinus – holds milk ready for secretion Nipple – site of milk secretion Color (J) blue Areola – pigmented circular area surrounding the nipple Color (K) purple

Breast Growth in Pregnancy Glandular Lobe – expand with the production of milk in lactating females during the latter stages of pregnancy. Production is at its peak just after pregnancy Color (G) orange

What is Breast Cancer (CA)? Malignant CA cells form in the tissues of the breast. Group of cancer cells that invade surrounding tissues or spread (metastasize) to other areas. 7 types of Breast CA Most common: Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) = 78% of all malignancies

What are risk factors? ½ of all women dx are 65+ y/o Overweight or obesity 2+ alcoholic drinks/d Family hx Taking birth control pills for 10+ years only for women <35 y/o

What are s/s of BC? Change in how the breast or nipple feels. Tenderness, lump, or thickening in or near the breast/underarm area Change in how the breast or nipple looks. Size, shape turned slightly inward Appear scaly, red or swollen Ridges or pitting (similar to the picture of the orange) Nipple discharge

How do we diagnose BC? Mammography Machine Beginning at age 20: Early Breast Cancer Detection Plan Beginning at age 20: Performing breast self-exams and looking for any signs of change. Age 20 to 39: Scheduling clinical breast exams every three years. By the age of 40: Having a baseline mammogram and annual clinical breast exams. Ages 40 to 49: Having a mammogram every one to two years depending on previous findings. Ages 50 and older: Having a mammogram every year. Mammography Machine

Mammography Machine

Who gets breast cancer? YES! 200,000 women annually 40,000 women will die annually Can men have breast cancer? 1,700 men dx annually YES! 410 men will die

How do we tx BC? Local therapy: tx tumor at site c/out affecting the rest of the body. Lumpectomy – remove lump only Simple Mastectomy – entire breast Radical Mastectomy – breast, underlying muscle, axillary lymph nodes Radiation therapy

How do we tx BC? Systemic therapy: drugs given by mouth or directly into the bloodstream to reach cancer cells anywhere in body. Chemotherapy and/or hormone therapy

Stage II 2-5 cm in size & 3 lymph nodes 88% 5 Year Survival Rate By Stage Stage 0 atypical cells 100% Stage I ~2 cm in size 98% Stage II 2-5 cm in size & 3 lymph nodes 88% Stage IIIA 2-5 cm in size & 9 lymph nodes 56% Stage IIIB spread to other tissues: skin, mm, ribs 49% Stage IV spread to other organs 16%

DeAngelo Williams Carolina Panthers Running Back

1 Paragraph – who you are, what class you are taking, what we have been learning. 2 Paragraph – inform him of our Skype project and what it is, will he please skype with us 3 Paragraph – thank him for his time, and we hope to hear from him soon. DO NOT INCLUDE CONTACT INFORMATION.