Ohm’s Law.

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Presentation transcript:

Ohm’s Law

Objective of Lecture Explain the relationship between resistance, current, and voltage (Ohms Law). Chapter 3.1 Discuss what a short circuit and open circuit mean using Ohms Law.

Ohm’s Law Voltage drop across a resistor is proportional to the current flowing through the resistor Units: V = AW where A = C/s

Example 1 If 2V is used to force a current through a 1kW resistor, the current that flows through the resistor is:

Example 2 If the 2kW resistor in Example 1 was changed to a 5kW resistor, then the current would decrease to:

Example 3 If the resistor in Example 1 was changed to a 5kW resistor and we wanted the current flowing through the resistor to remain equal to 2mA, then the magnitude of the voltage source would have to increase to:

Short Circuit If the resistor is a perfect conductor (or a short circuit) R = 0 W, then v = iR = 0 V no matter how much current is flowing through the resistor

Open Circuit If the resistor is a perfect insulator, R = ∞ W then no matter how much voltage is applied to (or dropped across) the resistor. A

Summary Ohms Law: The force required to have a specific current flow through a resistor is given by v = i R. This is an important relationship (learn it). A short circuit has zero resistance and, therefore, no voltage is needed to allow current to flow through it. An open circuit has infinite resistance and, therefore, no current flows across an open circuit no matter how large a voltage applied across the open circuit.