Unit 7 Injury & Personal Safety

Included: Safety Bullying Abuse First Aid CPR

Bullying

In your own words, what does bullying look like.

Bullying Facts Every 7 MINUTES a child is bullied. Adult intervention – 4% Peer intervention – 11% No intervention – 85%

Bullying Facts One out of every four students report being bullied during the school year. (National Center for Educational Statistics, 2015) 64 percent of children who were bullied did not report it; only 36 percent reported the bullying. (Petrosina, Guckenburg, DeVoe, and Hanson, 2010)

Bullying Facts The reasons for being bullied reported most often by students were looks (55%), body shape (37%), and race (16%). (Davis and Nixon, 2010) Students who experience bullying are at increased risk for poor school adjustment, sleep difficulties, anxiety, and depression. (Center for Disease Control, 2015)

Bullying Facts Students who engage in bullying behavior are at increased risk for academic problems, substance use, and violent behavior later in adolescence and adulthood. (Center for Disease Control, 2015) 90% of teens who report being cyberbullied have also been bullied offline. (“Seven Fears and the Science of How Mobile Technologies May Be Influencing Adolescents in the Digital Age,” George and Odgers, 2015)

Bullying Facts Approximately 160,000 teens skip school every day because of bullying. 1 out 10 students drop out of school because of repeated bullying.

What it isn’t Just a stage A normal part of life Just physical “Just teasing” Kids being Kids Deserved

Bullying: What it is Bullying is: - unwanted - aggressive behavior - involves a real or perceived power imbalance. - behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated

Examples: Calling someone hurtful and derogatory names Spreading lies and bad rumors about someone Being mean and teasing someone Hitting, punching, shoving, spitting and physically hurting someone Social exclusion or isolation ... not including someone is a group Getting certain kids or teens to "gang up" on others Having money or other things taken or damaged Being threatened or being forced to do things Sending mean text, e-mail, or instant messages Posting inappropriate pictures or messages about others in blogs or on web sites Using someone else's user name to spread rumors or lies about someone Stealing someone's password and spreading rumors about someone else making it seem like that person is the cyberbully

In your own words, what type of people are bullies?

Who are they? Are aggressive or easily frustrated Have less parental involvement or having issues at home Think badly of others Have difficulty following rules View violence in a positive way Have friends who bully others Harsh parenting by caregivers Remember, those who bully others do not need to be stronger or bigger than those they bully. The power imbalance can come from a number of sources—popularity, strength, cognitive ability—and children who bully may have more than one of these characteristics.

Why do they do it? To get power To sustain or gain popularity To get attention To copy what a person they admire does. Because that’s the way they’ve been treated by others.

Who is bullied? Are perceived as different from their peers, such as being overweight or underweight, wearing glasses or different clothing, being new to a school, or being unable to afford what kids consider “cool” Are perceived as weak or unable to defend themselves Are depressed, anxious, or have low self esteem Are less popular than others and have few friends Kids who are obese, gay, or have disabilities are up to 63% more likely to be bullied than other children.

Bullies can be male or female Boys and girls are bullied in different ways - Boys are more likely to be bullied physically - Girls are more likely to be bullied socially

Roles people play Kids who Assist: They may not start the bullying or lead in the bullying behavior, but serve as an "assistant" to those who are bullying. These children may encourage the bullying behavior and occasionally join in. Kids who Reinforce: They are not directly involved in the bullying behavior but they give the bully an audience. They will often laugh or provide support for the bully. This may encourage the bullying to continue.

Who else is involved? Outsiders: These children remain separate from the bullying situation. They neither reinforce the bullying behavior nor defend the child being bullied. Some may watch what is going on but do not provide feedback about the situation to show they are on anyone’s side. Even so, providing an audience may encourage the bullying behavior. These kids often want to help, but don’t know how. Kids who Defend:  These children actively comfort the child being bullied and may come to the child's defense when bullying occurs.

Types of Bullying

Verbal bullying is saying or writing mean things. Verbal bullying includes: Teasing Name-calling Inappropriate sexual comments Taunting Threatening to cause harm

Social Bullying Social bullying, sometimes referred to as relational bullying, involves hurting someone’s reputation or relationships. Social bullying includes: Leaving someone out on purpose Telling other children not to be friends with someone Spreading rumors about someone Embarrassing someone in public

Physical bullying involves hurting a person’s body or possessions. Physical bullying includes: Hitting/kicking/pinching Spitting Tripping/pushing Taking or breaking someone’s things

Cyber-bullying Cyber-bullying is when someone is tormented, threatened, harassed, humiliated, embarrassed or otherwise targeted using the Internet, interactive and digital technologies, or mobile phones.

Some Types…. Harassment - Sending offensive and malicious messages to an individual or a group and is often repeated multiple times. Cyberstalking is one form of harassment that involves continual threatening and rude messages, and can lead to physical harassment in the real, offline world. Flaming - It refers to an online fight exchanged via emails, instant messaging or chat rooms. Often uses harsh language or images Exclusion - The act of intentionally singling out and leaving a person out from an online group such as chats and sites. Often the group then leaves malicious comments and harass the one they singled out. Outing – Sharing personal and private information, pictures, or videos about someone publicly. Masquerading - A bully creates a fake identity to harass someone anonymously. In addition to creating a fake identity, the bully can impersonate someone else to send malicious messages to the victim.

Cyber Bullying Cont. Why Cyberbullying is Different? It can happen 24 hours a day, 7 days a week Harder getting away from the behavior Kids who are being cyberbullied are often bullied in person as well Cyberbullying messages and images can be posted anonymously and distributed quickly to a very wide audience. Deleting inappropriate or harassing messages, texts, and pictures is extremely difficult after they have been posted or sent.

Meridian Policy

Impact of Bullying on Victim Depression Low self-esteem Health problems Poor grades Suicidal thoughts

Emotional Signs Withdrawal and/or shyness Anxiety Depression Aggression

Physical Signs Cuts, bruises, scratches Headaches, stomachaches Damaged possessions “Missing” possessions that need to be replaced

Behavioral/Social Signs Changes in eating or sleeping habits (e.g., nightmares) No longer wanting to participate in activities once enjoyed Beginning to bully siblings or mistreat pets Hurting self, attempting/threatening suicide Suddenly changing friends

Academic Signs Not wanting to go to school Changing method of going to school (e.g., changing walking route, wanting to be driven instead of riding the bus) Drop in grades

Prevention Strategies Tell an adult!!!!!!!!! Talk it out. Walk away. Distract the bully with a joke. Avoid the bully. Hang out with friends.

Strategies for children Help for Victims Strategies for children Witnessing bullying: Get an adult ASAP!!!!!!!! Tell the bully to stop. Help the victim walk away. Don’t give bully an audience Recruit friends to help the victim. Befriend the victim.

Help for Victims Cont. #17 When peers intervene, bullying stops within 10 seconds, 57% of the time. Source: Hawkins, Pepler, and Craig, 2001