Building Blocks of Matter

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Charm and beauty with ALICE at LHC
Advertisements

First Alice Physics Week, Erice, Dec 4  9, Heavy  Flavor (c,b) Collectivity at RHIC and LHC Kai Schweda, University of Heidelberg A. Dainese,
ISMD’05, Kromeriz, Aug 09  15, Heavy  Flavor (c,b) Collectivity – Light  Flavor (u,d,s) Thermalization at RHIC Kai Schweda, University of Heidelberg.
Charm & bottom RHIC Shingo Sakai Univ. of California, Los Angeles 1.
Dilepton Forum, GSI, Feb 27, 2007 Kai Schweda 1 Heavy-Flavor Production at RHIC Kai Schweda, University of Heidelberg / GSI Darmstadt.
Identified particle transverse momentum distributions in 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC 刘海东 中国科技大学.
Heavy Quark Probes of QCD Matter at RHIC Huan Zhong Huang University of California at Los Angeles ICHEP-2004 Beijing, 2004.
HD lunch talk, 30 Apr 2008 Kai Schweda 1 Heavy-Quarks with ALICE  Some Highlights from the ALICE Physics Week in Prague March 2008 Kai Schweda, University.
Forward-Backward Correlations in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions Aaron Swindell, Morehouse College REU 2006: Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University.
Physics of High Baryon Density,Trento, May 29  June 2, Charm with STAR Kai Schweda, University of Heidelberg A. Dainese, X. Dong, J. Faivre, Y.
Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions: Recent Results from RHIC David Hardtke LBNL.
Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics, Heavy Ion Physics with CMS: Day-One Measurements Olga Barannikova for the CMS Collaboration.
ISMD, Berkeley, Aug 4  9, 2007 Kai Schweda 1 Bulk Properties of QCD – matter at Highest Colider Energies Kai Schweda, University of Heidelberg / GSI Darmstadt.
DPG spring meeting, Tübingen, March Kai Schweda Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for the STAR collaboration Recent results from STAR at RHIC.
Outline Charm physics in NN collisions – some remarks
17 Sep 2012 Erice, 34th Course Open charm production with ALICE at the LHC Kai Schweda (for the ALICE Collaboration) Physikalisches Institut University.
Sean Kelly, QWG 9/03 Prospects for Quarkonia Physics In Media at the LHC.
1 OPEN HEAVY FLAVOUR PRODUCTION IN pp COLLISIONS WITH AT LHC Rosa Romita ( ) for the ALICE Collaboration.
Heavy flavour capabilities with the ALICE TRD Benjamin Dönigus ISNP 2008 Erice/Sicily.
Open charm hadron production via hadronic decays at STAR
High Pt physics with TOF ALICE B.V.Zagreev ITEP
Recent Charm Measurements through Hadronic Decay Channels with STAR at RHIC in 200 GeV Cu+Cu Collisions Stephen Baumgart for the STAR Collaboration, Yale.
Measurement of D-meson azimuthal anisotropy in Au+Au 200GeV collisions at RHIC Michael R. Lomnitz Kent State University Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
Prospects in ALICE for  mesons Daniel Tapia Takaki (Birmingham, UK) for the ALICE Collaboration International Conference on STRANGENESS IN QUARK MATTER.
Ralf Averbeck Stony Brook University Hot Quarks 2004 Taos, New Mexico, July 19-24, 2004 for the Collaboration Open Heavy Flavor Measurements with PHENIX.
Ralf Averbeck, Stony Brook University XXXX th Rencontres de Moriond La Thuile, Italy, March 12-19, 2005 The Charm (and Beauty) of RHIC l Heavy flavor in.
OPEN HEAVY FLAVORS 1. Heavy Flavor 2 Heavy quarks produced in the early stages of the collisions (high Q2)  effective probe of the high-density medium.
1 Guannan Xie Nuclear Modification Factor of D 0 Mesons in Au+Au Collisions at √s NN = 200 GeV Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of Science.
Results from ALICE Christine Nattrass for the ALICE collaboration University of Tennessee at Knoxville.
24 Nov 2006 Kentaro MIKI University of Tsukuba “electron / photon flow” Elliptic flow measurement of direct photon in √s NN =200GeV Au+Au collisions at.
Dec 2002 Craig Ogilvie 1 Physics Goals of Si Vertex Detector  Physics priorities latter part of this decade –spin carried by gluons:  G vs x –modification.
Intermediate pT results in STAR Camelia Mironov Kent State University 2004 RHIC & AGS Annual Users' Meeting Workshop on Strangeness and Exotica at RHIC.
Jet Production in Au+Au Collisions at STAR Alexander Schmah for the STAR Collaboration Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Hard Probes 2015 in Montreal/Canada.
Heavy Flavor Measurements at RHIC&LHC W. Xie (Purdue University, West Lafayette) W. Xie (Purdue University, West Lafayette) Open Heavy Flavor Workshop.
Recent results from the ALICE experiment on open heavy flavours Sarah Porteboeuf-Houssais for the ALICE collaboration 52th International Winter Meeting.
Non-Prompt J/ψ Measurements at STAR Zaochen Ye for the STAR Collaboration University of Illinois at Chicago The STAR Collaboration:
1 Marcello Lunardon - BEACH 2006, Lancaster, UK The 7th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm And Beauty Hadrons - BEACH 2006 Lancaster, July 2-8.
Bulk  Eigenschaften von QCD  Materie bei höchsten Kolliderenergien
Heavy-ion group at Heidelberg
Building Blocks of Matter
Outline Introduction LHC and ALICE Heavy-quark production in pp
Experimental Overview of Open Heavy Flavor
Peter Christiansen (Lund University) for the ALICE Collaboration
Review of ALICE Experiments
Future prospects for NA61 heavy ions: rare observables
Sedat Altınpınar for the ALICE Collaboration
Heavy-flavor particle correlations - From RHIC to LHC
Open charm production in pp and Pb-Pb collisions in ALICE at the LHC
ALICE: A STATUS REPORT AND SOUTH AFRICA’S INVOLVEMENT
for the ALICE collaboration University of Tennessee at Knoxville
Strangeness Production in Heavy-Ion Collisions at STAR
High-pT results from ALICE
STAR and RHIC; past, present and future.
Heavy-Flavour Physics in Heavy-Ion Collisions
ALICE and the Little Bang
Experimental Studies of Quark Gluon Plasma at RHIC
Quarkonium production in ALICE
Open heavy flavor analysis with the ALICE experiment at LHC
Charm production at STAR
Open charm production with ALICE at the LHC
Heavy Ion Physics in RUN14-16
Yields & elliptic flow of and in Au+Au collisions at
Modification of Fragmentation Function in Strong Interacting Medium
Open heavy-flavour results from ALICE
Many Thanks to Organizers!
Jet Measurements with the EMCal of ALICE
One PeV Collisions Very successful Heavy Ion run in 2015, with all new detectors in operation 16 GB/s readout/ 6GB/s on disk after HLT compression.
for the ALICE Collaboration
Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Bari (Italy)
Hadron Formation in Nuclei in Deep-inelastic Scattering
Presentation transcript:

The charming side of ALICE Kai Schweda Physikalisches Institut University of Heidelberg / GSI Darmstadt VH-NG 147 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Building Blocks of Matter Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the established theory of strongly interacting matter. Gluons hold quarks together to from hadrons: Gluons and quarks, or partons, typically exist in a color singlet state: confinement. meson baryon 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz Quark Gluon Plasma Source: Michael Turner, National Geographic (1996) 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Temperaturen im Universum

Collisions of atomic nuclei

PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz Time Scales QGP life time 10 fm/c ≈ 310-23 s thermalization time 0.2 fm/c ≈ 710-25 s formation time (e.g. charm quark): 1/2mc = 0.08 fm/c ≈ 310-25 s collision time 2R/g = 0.005 fm/c ≈ 210-26 s Plot: courtesy of R. Stock. 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz Outline Introduction LHC and ALICE Charm-quark production in pp Charm-quark production in Pb-Pb Hot results from p + Pb (!) Summary / Outlook 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Der Large Hadron Collider am CERN Alice LHC 7 TeV c - 10 km/h Tevatron 0.98 TeV c - 495 km/h RHIC 250 GeV c - 7602 km/h Geiger and Marsden 1 MeV c * 5%

Resolution: 600M pixels (750 Mbytes) Size: 16 x 16 x 25 meters Resolution: 600M pixels (750 Mbytes) Readout: 17.5 terabytes/s, ~4 Gbytes/s to tape TRD ITS TPC Central barrel (ITS, TPC, TRD, TOF) || < 0.9 Muon spectrometer: -4.0 < y < -2.5 8

ALICE: >1300 members, 120 institutes, 35 countries 24 Oct 2012

s ALICE in 2004

3 x 2 Layers Silicon Technology Strips SSD Inner Tracking System ~ 10 m2 Si detectors, 6 layers double sided Strips, Drift, Pixels Pixels SPD Drift SDD

ITS Russian Dolls - Sliding the SSD/SDD over the SPD TPC SPD SSD/SDD 12

TPC im Juni ‘06 13

Erste Bleikollisionen in ALICE ! ALICE is designed for Highest multiplicities dN/d up to 6000 Excellent tracking & particle identification down to lowest momentum ~ 100 MeV/c

Particle Identification – dE/dx dE/dx: 5% resolution Time-of flight, resolution: 120 ps (Pb-Pb) 160 ps (p-p) TPC dE/dx: separate p from K up to 1.1 GeV Time of flight: separate K from up to ~ 1.5 GeV 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz Exotica 4 anti-4He candidates anti-3H observed (anti-)helium trigger: J. Klein, PhD thesis; F. Muecke, bachelor thesis, Univ. Heidelberg, in preparation. 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Heavy - flavor: a unique probe mc,b » QCD : new scale mc,b ≈ const., mu,d,s ≠ const. initial conditions: test pQCD, R, F probe gluon distribution early partonic stage: diffusion (), drag () flow, jets, correlations probe thermalization hadronization: chiral symmetry restoration confinement statistical coalescence J/ enhancement / suppression Q2 time X. Zhu, M. Bleicher, S.L. Huang, K.S., H. Stöcker, N. Xu, and P. Zhuang, PLB 647 (2007) 366. 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Where does all the charm go ? J/(charmonium) c D*+ Ds D0 D± Total charm cross section: open-charmed hadrons, e.g. D0, D+, D*+, c, … and c,b  e() + X Quarkonia, e.g. J/ carries 1% of total charm 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Heavy-quark detection Open-charm reco. in ALICE D0  K D+  K D*  D0 Ds  KK Under study: D0  K c  pK c   c  K0S plot: courtesy of D. Tlusty. e.g., D0  K- +  , c = 123 m displaced decay vertex is signature of heavy-quark decay 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Open-charm spectra from pp @ 7 TeV ALICE, JHEP 1201 (2012) 128; arXiv:1111.1553 [hep-ex]; D* analysis: Y. Wang, PhD thesis, Univ. Heidelberg, in preparation; F. Schaefer, bachelor thesis, Univ. Heidelberg, in preparation. covers spectrum from 1 up to 24 GeV/c 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Open-charm cross section ALICE, arXiv:1205.4007 [hep-ex]; J. Wilkinson, bachelor thesis, Univ. Heidelberg (2011); S. Stiefelmaier, bachelor thesis, Univ. Heidelberg, in preparation. LHC: First collider measurements at TeV scale ATLAS & LHCb agree with ALICE upper band of theory describes experimental data 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz Charm hadronization Pv: fraction of D-mesons in vector state (V) to all mesons (V+S), Pv = V / (V+S) World average: Pv = 0.60 ± 0.01 Stat. model, T=164 ± 10 MeV: Pv = 0.58 ± 0.13, agrees with data HQET predicts Pv = 3/(3+1) = 0.75 ALICE, arXiv:1205.4007 [hep-ex]; J. Wilkinson, bachelor thesis, Univ. Heidelberg (2011); S. Stiefelmaier, bachelor thesis, Univ. Heidelberg, in preparation. 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Energy loss in the medium J.D. Bjorken, PRD 27 (1983) 140. z = p(h)/pparton quark-gluon plasma Fast parton (i.e. charm quark) propagates in the medium Loses energy due to gluon bremsstrahlung + elastic collisions Appears as D-meson at lower momentum wrt pp collisions  probe QGP 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Nuclear Modification Factor - RAA define RAA, expect unity in the absence of nuclear effects (for hard processes) Ncoll = number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions at RHIC, suppression of factor ~5 at LHC, suppression of factor ~6 strong medium effects ! 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

AdS/CFT correspondence J.J. Friess et al., arXiv:0607022 [hep-th] (2006). Maldacena conjecture: string theory and conformal QFT mathematically equivalent heavy-quark energy loss modeled by embedding a string in AdS space Prediction: strong suppression for charm, small for beauty 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Charm: Nuclear Modification In Pb-Pb collisions: Suppresion by factor ~5 when compared to simple binary scaling from pp Covers 1 – 36 GeV/c pp reference measured only up to 24 GeV/c + extrapolation 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Comparison to other hadrons Mass ordering in RAA? J/ψ  B (upper) D (middle) π (lower) g,W,Z-bosons: RAA ≈ 1 (!) checks normalization, does not probe the medium ALICE, arXiv:1203.2160 [nucl-ex], CMS Z-boson: Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 (2011)212301. 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz Model calculations Rising RAA solely due to spectrum in pp Still have to learn from theory about medium properties, i.e. qhat, ehat Not an initial state effect PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz 24 Oct 2012

RAA - model calculations D mesons charged hadrons 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Anisotropy Parameter v2 coordinate-space-anisotropy  momentum-space-anisotropy y py x px Initial/final conditions, EoS, degrees of freedom

2nd Fourier Coefficient – v2 D-meson v2 analysis: R. Grajcarek, PhD thesis, Univ. Heidelberg, in preparation. Substantial v2 of charm, comparable to charged hadrons 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz v2 - Model calculations Models needs to simultaneously describe v2 and R AA Stringent constraint, gets tougher with more precision/data 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz Next steps Extract power spectrum of vn, like WMAP* Compare pp high multiplicity vs Pb+Pb Mach cone vs medium response for heavy-quarks (well defined probes) h/s *WMAP data: The NASA/WMAP Science team; http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/media/080997/index.html. QGP plot: B. Schenke, S. Jeon, and C. Gale, arXiV:1109.6289. 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Heavy  quark Correlations Charm and anti-charm quarks created in pairs and thus correlated Look for modifications in Pb+Pb collisions Study transport properties / thermalization PYTHIA: p + p @ 14 TeV Heavy-quark production correlated due to QCD processes such as pair creation (backward), gluon splitting (forward), etc. Expetced for pp Modified in PbPb --> probe early thermalization X. Zhu, M. Bleicher, S.L. Huang, K.S., H. Stöcker, N. Xu, and P. Zhuang, PLB 647 (2007) 366. G. Tsildeakis, H. Appelshäuser, K.S., J. Stachel, NPA 858 (2011) 86; arXiv: 0908.0427 [nucl-ex]. 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Heavy  quark Correlations* CMS trigger: inspected 200 x 109 p+p collisions BBbar, establish correlations exist in p+p ! Look out for modifications in Pb+Pb Heavy-quark production correlated due to QCD processes such as pair creation (backward), gluon splitting (forward), etc. Expetced for pp Modified in PbPb --> probe early thermalization *CMS collaboration:JHEP 1102 (2011) 136; arXiv:1192.3194v2 [hep-ex]. 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

Upgrading the Inner Detector upgrade Concept recently approved by the ALICE Collaboration targeted for 2017-2018 LHC shutdown Conceptual Design Report CERN-LHCC-2012-005 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

LHC: Tentative Schedule 2010/11: long run with pp collisions at 7 TeV 1 month of Pb+Pb collisions each year 2012: long run with pp at 8 TeV 2013: p+Pb control measurement 2013/14: Machine consolidation and training 2014: pp and Pb+Pb at full energy 2017/18: long shutdown, luminosity + detector upgrades 2019: pp and Pb+Pb at high luminosity 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz First glance at p+Pb ALICE, arXiv:1210.4520 [nucl-ex]; submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. ALICE, arXiv:1210.3615 [nucl-ex]; submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz

ALICE - Jetzt geht’s los ! 24 Oct 2012 PRISMA colloquium, JGU Mainz