South Asia GHW 1: Examine the physical and human geographic factors associated with the origin and development of culture hearths in various regions of the world. GHW.2.1 Map the spread over time of world religions from their points of origin GHW.3.2 Identify and describe the push-pull factors that resulted in the migration of human population over time and detect changes in these factors GHW.4: Examine the physical and human geographic factors associated with the origins, major players and events and consequences of worldwide exploration, conquest and imperialism
India Indus Valley: 2500 BCE Aryan Invasion from Iran 1500 BCE Greek & Persian Invasions Mughal Empire- Muslim rule 1500s Conflict w/ Hindus
British Rule in India 1857- Mercantilism British East India Company 90 year rule- RAJ Gandhi- nonviolent resistance India breaks up- Pakistan & Bangladesh
Worlds Largest Democracy Over 1 Billion people Diversity 150 million Muslims Violence? Land Reform: 2/3rd rely on farming Green Revolution
Caste System (Jati) Aryan’s sacred writings- Vedas IMPACT??? Brahmans- priests and scholars Kshatriyas- rulers and warriors Vaisyas- farmers & merchants Sudras- artisans & laborers Dalits- untouchables IMPACT???
Religions Hinduism Buddhism Sikhism Dharma- moral duty Karma- good deeds leads to overcoming personal weakness and earthly desires Reincarnation- rebirth Buddhism Siddhartha Gautama Sikhism Guru Nanak
People 869 People per square mile 70% Rural Culture Gangetic Plain- 2,000 per sq. mile 70% Rural Urbanization: Push/Pull Factors Megalopolis Mumbai- 18.3 million Culture Bollywood Buddhism, Taoism, Shintoism, Sikhism, Jainism, Christianity
In traditional India, everyone is born into a social & occupational position called a ___. Dharma Jati Karma Veda
Most Indians live in Cities Bhutan Mountainous regions Rural Farm Villages
Hindu belief requires every person to carry out his/her ____, or moral duty. Karma Dharma Lama Guru
What group moved into the Indus River valley around 1500 BCE? Aryans Sikhs Mughals
Pakistan & Bangladesh
Indus Valley Civilization 2500 BCE-1500 BCE Well Planned Cities Mohenjo Daro & Harappa- maybe the world’s 1st cities Brick Buildings Sanitation Systems
Partition End of British Rule 1947 Partition: India, East Pakistan, West Pakistan 1 million dead, 10 million crossed borders 1971: Civil War- Bangladesh Created Military Rule in Pakistan & Bangladesh Kashmir
Economy Subsistence Farming Microcredit Entrepreneurs Nobel Prize
Islam Ramadan- month long fasting from sun up to sun set Pakistan- Strict Purdah- women in seclusion Bangladesh- Relaxed
Culture Health & Education Language & Religion Marriage Low literacy Low health Language & Religion Bangladesh-Bangla Pakistan Urdu but Punjabi spoken by most Islam dominates Marriage Arranged Henna Tattoos
South Asia’s earliest civilization arose in Indus river valley Ceylon Bangladesh Kashmir
Disputed territory between Pakistan & India Kashmir Celylon Punjabi Islamabad
In what year did British Rule end? 1937 1947 1957 1967
When Hindu and Muslim leaders could not agree on constitution, Britain granted independence to two separate states, ____ and ___. India, Pakistan India, Kashmir Pakistan, Bangladesh Kashmir, Bangladesh
Nepal & Bhutan Sri Lanka & Maldives
Mountain Kingdoms Geographic Isolation Constitutional Monarchies Brief control by China & Great Britain Hard to conquer due to location Constitutional Monarchies Kings limited by the people
Culture Nepal Bhutan Religion Nepalese from North & South Sherpas People from Himalayas Guides for Everest Buddhist Stupas- domed shrines Bhutan Bhote- Tibetan people Dzong- fortified monasteries Religion Hindus in Nepal Buddhists in Bhutan Siddhartha Gautama
Early History Nepal Bhutan Sri Lanka Maldives Dynasties: Shah Tibetan Buddhists Sri Lanka Sinhalese: sea traders Buddhists vs. Tamil Tigers (Hindus) Maldives Buddhist then Islam
Economy No farm land Timber- Deforestation Tourism 1% per year Himalayas bring tourists & pollution Kathmandu Bhutan limits tourism
The two main ethnic groups of Sri Lanka are… Sherpas & Tibeto- Nepalese Sharchops & Gurung Sinhalese & Tamils
The stupas of Nepal & Sri Lanka are Religious shrines Chanted Prayers Buddhist Poems
Which South Asian countries have a monarchy Nepal & Sri Lanka Maldives & Sri Lanka Nepal & Bhutan Sri Lanka & Bhutan