BELLWORK: 3/21 How is the Cold War different than previous wars of study? What is a proxy war? Describe the main economic and political difference between the West and the USSR. Why would these differences be a threat to one another? List three reasons why the US and USSR emerged as superpowers following WWII. THINKER: Many people perceived the US and USSR as “inevitable enemies.” To what extent do you agree with this? What about those two countries made conflict “inevitable?”

Finish political spectrum/ideology discussion!!!

What is Stalinism? How is Stalinism different than Marxism? 1929-1953 Collectivization Five Year Plans Great Purges Establishment of Gulags How did the Soviet victory over Germany affect Stalin’s power?

The Cold War 1945-1991 United States (US) vs The Cold War 1945-1991 United States (US) vs. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) Democracy vs. Communism Capitalism vs. Socialism 4 4

How was the Cold War different than previous wars? A conflict of ideas without actual battlefields or armies facing off Political, strategic, economic, and ideological conflicts War of ideologies: Capitalist Democracy vs. Communist one-party state Struggle that contained everything short of war Competing social and economic ideologies

HOT war- actual fighting between two forces. Wars: HOT vs. COLD HOT war- actual fighting between two forces. COLD war- still a conflict but more of ideas than actual battles. Fighting still occurs but not between the two major enemies.

Six major strategies were used by both sides in the Cold War: 1. 1. Brinkmanship, 2. Espionage, 3. Foreign aid, 4. Alliances, 5. Propaganda, 6. Proxy wars. 3. 2. 4. 5. 6. 7 7

Strategies used to “fight” the Cold War Conflict Democratic Support Communist Support Greek Civil War (1946-49) US & UK USSR & Yugoslavia Arab-Israeli Conflict (1948-present) Israel USSR, Afghanistan, Palestine, Syria Korean War (1950-53) US, UK, UN, South Korea USSR, China, North Korea Cuban Revolution (1953-59) US USSR & Cuba Laotian Civil War (1953-57) USSR & China Vietnam War (1957-1975) US, South Vietnam, UN USSR, China, North Vietnam Guatemalan Civil War (1960-1996) USSR Conflict Democratic Support Communist Support Congo Crisis (1960-65) US & UK USSR Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 Israel Angolan Civil War (1974-2002) US Afghan-Soviet War (1979-1989) Iran-Iraq War (1980-88) Nicaraguan Civil War (1979-1990) What is a proxy war?

Describe the main economic and political difference between the West and the USSR. Why would these differences be a threat to one another?

Why did the US and USSR emerge as superpowers after 1945? Military Reasons To defeat Germany, US became #1 air power & USSR became #1 land force France & Britain could not defeat Germany USSR lacked strong neighbors = regional power Economic Reasons US economy strengthened by war US was committed to open trade Eastern European nations needed a dependable larger power Political Reasons Democracy triumphed over fascism Communism triumphed over fascism USSR resisted Germany Stalin’s influence in Europe USSR’s strength prevented instability in the region

Development of the Cold War United States Soviets aimed to expand and spread communism throughout the world! (“Domino Theory”) USSR was a threat to their way of life; especially after the Soviet Union gained control of Eastern Europe Soviet Union Believed they won World War II! They sacrificed the most (25 million vs. 300,000 total dead) and deserved the “spoils of war.” They had lost land after WWI because they left the winning side; now they wanted to gain land because they had won. They wanted to economically raid Eastern Europe to recoup their expenses during the war. They saw the U.S. as a threat to their way of life

Many people perceived the US and USSR as “inevitable enemies Many people perceived the US and USSR as “inevitable enemies.” To what extent do you agree with this? What about those two countries made conflict “inevitable?”

HOMEWORK: due block 2 Despite the fact that the US and USSR were on the same side of WWII, they only agreed on defeating Germany – the future of the post-war world was unclear. Tensions between the two countries started as early as 1942 For homework, you will read about the origins of hostilities between the US and USSR, starting with WWII It covers the entrance into the conflict and problems within the “Grand Alliance.” Read pgs. 7-16 tonight!