CELL DIVISION AND MITOSIS

STUDENTS WILL… Define Cell Division Explain the importance of Cell Division. Identify the 2 kinds of Cell Division Describe the events in cell cycle. Examine the steps of Mitosis Compare mitosis in plant and in animal cells.

VOCABULARY Cell Division Mitosis Chromosome Chromatids Centromere Interphase Cytokinesis

Cell Division A process in which a parent cell divides into 2 daughter cells. WHY? GROWTH REPLACE WORN OUT CELLS/DAMAGED CELLS

2 KINDS OF CELL DIVISION 1. MITOSIS (animal and plant cells) 2. MEIOSIS (human reproductive cells)

The Cell Cycle -95% of cell cycle in interphase -The sequence of growth and division of a cell. -95% of cell cycle in interphase -5% of cell cycle in mitosis

CELL CYCLE

STEPS IN CELL DIVISION INTERPHASE MITOSIS CYTOKINESIS

INTERPHASE -Where cells spends the majority of its time -Preparation phase -Where cells spends the majority of its time -“living phase of the cell” -Where duplication of DNA happens

3 stages of Interphase: 1.Growth Stage 1 (G1) – cell grows and function properly. 2.Synthesis Stage (S) – duplication of DNA 3.Growth Stage 2 (G2) – cell resumes growth, preparation for Mitosis

MITOSIS Stages: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase - The process of cell division which results in the production of two daughter cells from a single parent cell.

Important to know: Chromatids -identical DNA strand Centromere- -a region of DNA at The middle of Chromosome where the sister chromatids Come in contact.

Prophase Chromatids are visible Nucleolus, nuclear membrane disintegrates Spindle fibers begin to form

PROPHASE ANIMAL CELL PLANT CELL

Metaphase Chromatids pair align at the center (equatorial plate) Centromere attached to spindle fiber

METAPHASE ANIMAL CELL PLANT CELL

Anaphase Each chromatid pairs splits at the centromere and move at the opposite side. Spindle fiber begins to shorten

ANAPHASE Animal Cell Plant Cell

Telophase Chromosomes moved into opposite poles. Nuclear envelopes reforms. Spindle fiber disappear. Cytoplasm begin to separate.

TELOPHASE Animal Cell Plant Cell

Cytokinesis Cytoplasm divides Two new daughter cells are formed. New cells will enter interphase and again cell division happens

Animal Mitosis -- Review Interphase                                                              Prophase                                                              Metaphase                                                              Anaphase                                                              Telophase                                                              Cytokinesis                                                             

Plant Mitosis -- Review Interphase                                                              Prophase                                                              Metaphase                                                              Anaphase                                                              Telophase                                                              Cytokinesis                                                             

RESULTS OF MITOSIS: Division of nucleus. Production of 2 nuclei identical to each other. Nucleus has the same number of chromosomes and type 23 pairs = 46 chromosomes