Hippocampal sclerosis and associated focal cortical dysplasia-related epilepsy in neurofibromatosis type I Jordan Gales, Richard A. Prayson Journal.

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Hippocampal sclerosis and associated focal cortical dysplasia-related epilepsy in neurofibromatosis type I Jordan Gales, Richard A. Prayson Journal of Clinical Neuroscience Volume 37, Pages 15-19 (March 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2016.10.048 Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Case 1. There was a marked loss of neurons in the CA1 region (Sommer sector) of the hippocampus (hematoxylin and eosin, original magnification 100×). Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2017 37, 15-19DOI: (10.1016/j.jocn.2016.10.048) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Case 1. There was a prominent loss of neurons in the CA4 region (endplate) and dentate nucleus (DN) of the hippocampus, which along with the findings seen in Fig. 1 are consistent with an ILAE type IA hippocampal sclerosis (hematoxylin and eosin, original magnification 100×). Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2017 37, 15-19DOI: (10.1016/j.jocn.2016.10.048) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Case 1. Temporal lobe cortex marked by cortical architectural disorganization with misplacement of large neurons where the absent layer two is normally located (arrows) (hematoxylin and eosin, original magnification 100×). Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2017 37, 15-19DOI: (10.1016/j.jocn.2016.10.048) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Case 1. Areas of the cortex showed abnormal linear arrangements of neurons in the region of layers 3 and 4, which along with the findings in Fig. 3 resembles an ILAE type Ic focal cortical dysplasia pattern (hematoxylin and eosin, original magnification 100×). Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2017 37, 15-19DOI: (10.1016/j.jocn.2016.10.048) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Case 2. The CA1 region of the hippocampus is marked by prominent neuronal loss and gliosis (hematoxylin and eosin, original magnification 100×). Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2017 37, 15-19DOI: (10.1016/j.jocn.2016.10.048) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Case 2. There was a relative preservation of neurons in the CA4 region and dentate nucleus (DN) which given the findings in the CA1 region is consistent with ILAE type II hippocampal sclerosis (Luxol fast blue, original magnification 100×). Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2017 37, 15-19DOI: (10.1016/j.jocn.2016.10.048) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 7 Case 2. Areas of cortical architectural disorganization marked by loss of layer 2 (arrows) with misalignment of large cortical neurons consistent with focal cortical dysplasia (hematoxylin and eosin, original magnification 200×). Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2017 37, 15-19DOI: (10.1016/j.jocn.2016.10.048) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Fig. 8 Case 2. A nodule of gray matter tissue (arrows) situated within the white matter consistent with a nodular heterotopia (hematoxylin and eosin, original magnification 100×). Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 2017 37, 15-19DOI: (10.1016/j.jocn.2016.10.048) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions