Mid-Earth Orbiting Search and Rescue (MEOSAR) Transition to Operations RCC Controller Conference February 2010

Overview DASS Overview International MEOSAR Space Segment Ground Segment User (Beacon) Segment Program Activities Summary MEOSAR Transition to Operations

Distress Alerting Satellite System (DASS) Various studies determined that medium-earth orbiting (MEO) satellites provide a vastly improved space-based distress alerting and locating system. NASA, with USAF Space and Air Combat Command, NOAA, and USCG are developing a capability on GPS satellites– Distress Alerting Satellite System (DASS) DASS provides: 406 MHz “bent-pipe” repeaters on GPS - Alert data downlink freely available internationally Full compatibility with existing and future 406 MHz beacons Support for civilian and military SAR responsibilities Low technical risk, low cost DASS fully interoperable with similar proposed Russian (SAR/GLONASS) and European (SAR/Galileo) systems Supports U.S. Policy on Space-Based Positioning, Navigation & Timing Policy – S&R on GPS

MEO vs LEO Coverage

Distress Alert Satellite System (DASS) - SAR Aircraft Current SARSAT systems in LEO and GEO Beacon activation recorded within 10 min Location determined within 1-2 hours with 5 km accuracy GPS MEOSAR vastly improves capability Instantaneous Notification & Location Multiple Locations Means Global Coverage 100% Availability No Terrain Blockage Improved Accuracy NASA/NSARC led Proof-of-Concept includes repeater on GPS IIR, IIR-M, and IIF SVs S-Band downlink – not allocated for operational use 5

DASS Proof-of-Concept DASS Proof-of-Concept (POC) underway Nine on-orbit GPS Block IIR satellites carry DASS repeaters 12 Additional IIR satellites + all Block IIF satellites to host repeaters POC system uses existing GPS. Downlink at S-Band (Not ITU-allocated for SAR) Proof-of-Concept results to date: Demonstrated ability to locate beacons to greater than current Cospas-Sarsat accuracy using two or more satellites System meets/exceeds theoretical capabilities Tests are on-going Prototype ground station at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 4 antennas – capable of independently tracking 4 satellites Completed in 2008 Successfully passed acceptance testing May become future operational MEOLUT Operational MEOLUT Wahiawa Hawaii 6 antenna – capable of tracking 6 satellites either S-band or L-band Planned completion Fall 2010

International MEOSAR Cooperation European Commission / European Space Agency Interoperability between SAR/Galileo and DASS part of US/EU Agreement on GPS and Galileo Interoperability to be addressed by Cospas-Sarsat Interoperability parameters specified in MEOSAR Implementation Plan Declaration of Intent to Cooperate was signed in October 2006 Russia US/Russia Agreement on GPS/GLONASS interoperability under review Agreement in Principle (April 2003) for interoperability with SAR/Glonass Two working groups established to address interoperability – WG-2 addresses search and rescue - 6th meeting of WG-2 in May 2009 Canada Has agreed to supply DASS repeater instruments to fly on GPS Block III Contribution to DASS is worth approximately $90M 30 June 2006 letter (Canadian National Search and Rescue Secretariat to NOAA) Similar to present SARSAT Instrument on POES High-level efforts to make DASS official mission on GPS in progress High-level discussions with GPS III program in progress

Cospas-Sarsat of Tomorrow: MEOSAR Russia (GLONASS), USA (GPS aka DASS) and ESA/EC (SAR/Galileo) working to include 406 MHz repeater instruments on future medium Earth altitude orbiting (MEO) satellite constellations Constellations will be fully compatible Coordinating with C-S on specifications and compatibility Global detection + location: Beacon without embedded GPS - greater than Cospas-Sarsat accuracy with 3 bursts or less Self-locating beacons - GPS accuracy after single beacon burst Test alerts could be available in the USMCC starting in 2012 (Nine DASS test satellites currently in orbit) NOTE: for 406 MHz only

Space Segment 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 SAR/Galileo SAR/GLONASS Deployment Phase DASS Full Constellation Combined MEOSAR Transition to Operations 9

Ground Segment 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 82% Deployment Phase Global Capability 98% 53% MEOSAR Transition to Operations 10

Ground Segment #8: 01 January 2017 – 53 Satellites – 17 MEOLUTs (100%) #2: 30 June 2011 – 11 Satellites – 9 MEOLUTs (3.8%) #3: 01 January 2012 – 18 Satellites – 11 MEOLUTs (53.1%) #1: 01 January 2011 – 5 Satellites – 8 MEOLUTs (0%) #6: 30 June 2013 – 30 Satellites – 14 MEOLUTs (83.1%) #7: 01 January 2015 – 31 Satellites – 16 MEOLUTs (98.4%) #5: 01 January 2013 – 26 Satellites – 14 MEOLUTs (81.7%) #4: 30 June 2012 – 20 Satellites – 13 MEOLUTs (65.0%) Edmonton (8) Kinloss (2) Moscow (4) Goose Bay (8) Kinloss (4) Ussurijsk (4) Ottawa (4) Toulouse (4) Ankara (2) Ankara (4) Beijing (4) Beijing (6) Maryland (6) Maryland (4) Algiers (4) Hawaii (6) Bangalore (6) Brasilia (4) Brasilia (2) Cape Town (6) Perth (6) Wellington (6) Punta Arenas (6) dummy

Requirement Definition Modify T.001 Specifications User (Beacon) Segment 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Studies Requirement Definition Modify T.001 Specifications Beacon Development ICAO/IMO Updates National Standards Update New Beacon Sales MEOSAR Transition to Operations 12

Commissioning of Ground Segment Equipment Program Activities 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 POC/IOV D&E Planning D&E Development of Ground Segment Specifications and Data Distribution Procedures Commissioning of Ground Segment Equipment IOC FOC MEOSAR Transition to Operations 13

Summary 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Space Segment Ground Segment New User/Beacon Segment Development of Specifications and Data Distribution Procedures IOC FOC MEOSAR Transition to Operations 14

Conclusions Space segment could be first component of system to be fully deployed (by 2013) Full Operational Capability dependent on global deployment of a ground segment Installation, location and schedule of ground segment deployment is highly speculative and provided for planning purposes only Schedule assumes many concurrent activities Some activities may be dependent on others for completion Full Operational Capability not dependent on new beacons Activities do not consider schedule risk MEOSAR Transition to Operations 15