Psychology Is Born First Experimental Psych Lab (1879)

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Presentation transcript:

Psychology Is Born First Experimental Psych Lab (1879) Focuses on the scientific study of the mind. WW insists that Psych methods be as rigorous as the methods of chemistry & physics. Wundt’s students start labs across USA (1880-1900) Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) University of Leipzig Harvard University Yale University Columbia University Catholic University Univ of Pennsylvania Cornell University Stanford University

Psychology (pre-1920) Psychology Understanding Mental Processes Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) Physiologist & Perceptual Psychologist Founder of Psychology as a Science Experiments Edward Titchner (1867-1927) Student of Wundt Formed Y at Cornell Introspection Psychology Understanding Mental Processes William James (1842-1910) Philosopher & Psychologist Formed Y at Harvard

Mental Processes cannot Behaviorism Scientific Psychology should focus on observable behavior. Psych the Science of Behavior Mental Processes cannot be studied directly John Watson (1878-1958) Stimulus Response Psychology Ivan Pavlov

Psychology (1920s-1960s) Behaviorism Psychology Science of Observable John B. Watson (1878-1958) Behavior without Reference to Thought The RAT & S-R Psychology B. F. Skinner (1904-1990) Behaviorism with a Twist The PIDGEON & The Skinner Box

Structuralism vs Functionalism Analyze consciousness into basic elements and study how they are related Introspection - self-observation of one’s own conscious experiences Wilhelm Wundt Functionalism Investigate the function, or purpose of consciousness rather than its structure Leaned toward applied work (natural surroundings) William James (1842-1910)

“The whole is different than Gestalt Psychology “The whole is different than the sum of its parts.” Phi Phenomenon Illusion of movement created by presenting visual stimuli in rapid succession. Max Wertheimer (1880-1943) A reaction against Structuralism An attempt to focus attention back onto conscious experience (i.e., the mind) WHY?

Freud & Psychoanalysis Proposes the idea of the UNCONSCIOUS Thoughts, memories & desires exist below conscious awareness and exert an influence on our behavior Unconscious expressed in dreams & “slips of the tongue” Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) Psychoanalytic Theory attempts to explain personality, mental disorders & motivation in terms of unconscious determinants of behavior

Cognitive Psychology Cognition the mental processes involved in acquiring, processing, storing & using information Cognitive Psychologists return to the study of learning, memory, perception, language, development & problem solving Noam Chomsky “Language” Advent of computers (late 1950s) provides a new model for thinking about the mind

Computers as Metaphor for Mind Psychology (1960s-1990s) Psychology Science of Behavior & Mental Processes Cognitive Y Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) The Dynamic Unconscious Mind Psychoanalysis Computers as Metaphor for Mind Study Mind through Inferences Drawn From Observable Behavior