Cardiovascular System What are the functions of the circulatory system? ___________ -- nutrients, proteins, cells ______________ Pathogens -- immunity Damage -- clotting ______________ Heat control Reservoir http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=98328&rendTypeId=4

Cardiovascular System What is blood? Comprised of 2 major categories… ________ 55% (Plasma) & _____________ 45% ___________ is mostly H2O with some suspended proteins and other solutes ____________consist of RBC, WBC and TC

Cardiovascular System Where does blood come from? _______ obtained via diet and then osmosis into blood stream. _____________result from the process of making new blood cells… ____________________ ___________from precursors (stem cells) that reside & multiply in red bone marrow. Before birth = Postpartum =

Cardiovascular System Where do erythrocytes come from? ____________ of the yolk sac involves the formation of _______________ near the yolk sac membrane. These surround islands of cells that become “_____________” These cells (______________) are the stem cells that give rise to all other hemopoietic stem cells http://www.nature.com/emboj/journal/v17/n22/fig_tab/7591356f4.html

Figure 12.07

Cardiovascular System Where does blood come from?

Cardiovascular System What’s important about Erythrocytes? Structure: Purpose: O2 (____________________) CO2 (___________________) Life Span: Contents: 7.5 μm

Cardiovascular System What’s important about Erythrocytes? Hemoglobin: 1 ____ binds with 1 heme

Cardiovascular System What are the similarities between vessels? 3 Main layers (or tunics) 1) __________ connective tissue 2) ____________ smooth muscle and elastic fibers 3) ___________ connective tissue, basement membrane and endothelium

Cardiovascular System What are the similarities between vessels?

Cardiovascular System What’s unique about capillaries? Endothelial cells continuous with endocardium

Cardiovascular System How is capillary flow regulated? What function(s) do these sphincters accomplish?

Figure 12.26

Figure 12.27

Figure 12.29

Figure 12.36

Figure 12.37

Cardiovascular System What is the external anatomy of the heart?

Cardiovascular System What is the external anatomy of the heart? Vessels associated with sulci… _________________ (Right and Left) __________________ (anterior and posterior)

Cardiovascular System What is the external anatomy of the heart? Vessels associated with sulci… _______________________ return blood to heart via… ? ____________ To what chamber?

Cardiovascular System What is the internal anatomy of the heart? Right atrium -3 entrances * * * 1 2 3 Right ventricle - - -

Cardiovascular System What controls the timing and sequence of a heart beat? __________“fires” Impulse reaches ________, 0.1 sec delay Impulse travels to __________(Bundle of His) Impulse travels down ________________ Finally back up _________________

Cardiovascular System How is homeostasis of the heart achieved? Receptors monitor conditions including: 1) Changes in pressure (_______________) in major arteries work with medulla oblongata 2) Changes in chemistry (_____________) in medulla oblongata (CO2) and major arteries (O2)

Figure 12.52

Figure 12.19

Figure 12.03

What are the key events during the fetal period?

Figure 12.41

What are the key events during the fetal period?

What are the key events during the fetal period?

Figure 12.43

Figure 12.44

Figure 12.45

Figure 12.46