Physical Activity

Physical Activity Play Leisure & Recreation Active leisure Outdoor & adventurous activities Physical Education Sport

Play An activity undertaken purely for enjoyment or amusement and has no other objective Usually associated with children but can be adults as well What is the difference between adults and children at play? What can be achieved through play?

PLAY Spontaneous Few/changeable rules Childlike Fit to the environment Intrinsic value Flexible Fun Little Organisation

Leisure Leisure - Time during which you have no obligations to work or family and are free to engage in self-directed and chosen activities Active Leisure – being physically active in leisure time 19th C – only rich and privileged had leisure time Now, most people will have some amount of free time depending on commitments and responsibilities

Freely chosen activities Leisure Free-time Freely chosen activities Relaxation Enjoyment

Not always sport-based Active leisure Physically active Not always sport-based Flexible Enjoyment Sporadic

Recreation Recreation - Engaged in activities that refresh, relax or enable the recreation of oneself after the rigours of work or day-to-day life Physical Recreation - Engaged in physical activities that refresh, relax or enable the recreation of oneself after the rigours of work or day-to-day life

Recuperating & recovering from stress Creativity Recreation Refresh mind & body Recuperating & recovering from stress Creativity Activities for self-fulfillment

Benefits to Individual Definition Characteristics Objectives Benefits to Individual Benefits to society Play Leisure & recreation Active leisure OAA PE Sport

OAA Outdoor & Adventurous activities OR – recreation that takes place and uses the natural environment Adventure Activity – a form of outdoor recreation that involves a degree of challenge and risk OE - Learning in and about the outdoors The setting is natural or semi-natural environment which adds a degree of risk or unpredictability Can be artificial facilities e.g. climbing walls, ski slopes, man made lakes for water sports, swimming pool for canoeing’ Urban Adventure – adventurous activities in the city e.g. parkour, Rat race adventure

Risks of OAA Beginners – perceived risk (completely safe) Experts –actual risk (dangerous/fatal) Perceived Risk – predictable and safe setting but offering challenge and sense of adventure - activity may appear dangerous but with staff training, RA, safety guidelines, it is completely safe and risk is imagined Actual Risk – avoided by equipment and preparation. Risk is the attraction for many participants. Not part of OE

Constraints on OE Funding Specialist training for staff – expensive and time consuming Health and safety issues Facilities are too widespread – no easy access Staff not willing to give up time

Physical Education ‘Physical Education is the learning of physical, personal, preparatory and qualitative values through formal physical activity in schools’. Fundamentally physical Also personal, social, lifestyle and emotional development

Intrinsic Extrinsic Institutionalised Sports are institutionalised competitive activities that involve vigorous physical exertion or the use of relatively complex skills by individuals whose participation is motivated by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors’ Coakley, 1982 Intrinsic Extrinsic Institutionalised Competitive structure – leagues, cups organised by NGB Standardised rules set by NGB Rules enforced by officials Strategies, specialisation of players, training, specialist equipment Code of conduct – written and unwritten

Sports are institutionalised competitive activities that involve vigorous physical exertion or the use of relatively complex skills by individuals whose participation is motivated by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors’ Coakley, 1982 Institutionalised Competitive structure – leagues, cups organised by NGB Standardised rules set by NGB Rules enforced by officials Strategies, specialisation of players, training, specialist equipment Code of conduct – written and unwritten Intrinsic Internal Self-satisfaction/fulfillment Fun/enjoyment Desire to win Extrinsic Medals/prizes Money Fame Praise Demands of the job

Healthy Balanced Lifestyle Equilibrium, Quality & Wellness What makes up a healthy lifestyle?

Lifelong Physical Activity Health enhancing movement as part of daily life Continued throughout life Life-long participation E.g. yoga, gym, walking programme

Lifetime Sports Can be enjoyed over the course of a lifetime, into middle and old age E.g. ? Badminton Tennis Table tennis These sports don’t need to be highly competitive or high impact, can be played at a more recreational level

Benefits of Regular Physical Activity Benefits can be physical, mental and social Can help to improve quality of life

Physical Obesity has doubled between 1980 & 2000 7/10 men, 6/10 women in UK 50% less risk of CHD if physically active Physical activity and healthy diet can prevent certain types of cancer Preserve bone density – reduce chance of osteoporosis Lower blood pressure

Mental Reduce stress Relieve anxiety and depression Academic performance can be improved Improve mood

Social Increase self-esteem Improve self-control & self-discipline Self-realisation – get to know our strengths, weaknesses, likes, dislikes Feeling of belonging and integration Reduce anti-social behaviour

Sedentary Lifestyles UK becoming more sedentary than ever 7/10 adults are sedentary – moderately active for less than 30 mins/week Rural to Urban society Modern technology Exercise is now a lifestyle choice and not necessity

Recommendations Adults – 30 mins moderate activity at least 5 times/week Children – 60 mins each day ideally, but at least 2x/week