Heat Transfer Enrichment II, Heat Equation, Weather Impacts

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Presentation transcript:

Heat Transfer Enrichment II, Heat Equation, Weather Impacts CERT Educational Series Greg Monty PhD, Vicki Foust PhD, and Elizabeth Keele M.Ed Heat Transfer Enrichment II, Heat Equation, Weather Impacts

Heat Equation development If you have a material, and you wish to know how much heat will be needed to change that materials temperature, What factors do you need to know to calculate the heat needed? Let’s take a closer look…

Mass of Material HEAT depends on Mass of Material Will different masses of water require different amounts of heat energy to change their temperature the same amount? HEAT depends on Mass of Material

Change of Temperature HEAT depends on Change of Temperature 55 ℃ Given equivalent masses, will different temperature changes require different heat energy to be applied? HEAT depends on Change of Temperature

Type of Material Will change in temperature require different amounts of heat energy for different materials? NOTE: Every material has a defined specific heat. (calorie/g-ºC) HEAT depends on Specific Heat of Material (type of material)

Heat Equation development HEAT (calories or Joules) is dependent on: Material Mass; Change in Temperature; and Type of Material (specific heat of a material)

HEAT = Material Mass x Change in Temperature x Specific Heat Example: Calculate the heat transferred in Heat Transfer Experiment (Hot A cup to Cold B cup) 57g (mass) (about 2 ounces in B cup) 3ºC (change in temperature) 1 calorie/g-ºC (specific heat) HEAT TRANSFERRED = 57g x 3ºC x 1 calorie/g-ºC = 171 calories

Temperature Differences Change Hurricane Strength What happens to hurricane strength when it crosses warm water? Picks up heat energy from the water This happens because there is a temperature difference (warmer water, colder air in higher- altitude hurricane) What happens to Hurricane Strength when it goes over land? Loses Energy (from cooler, drier air, and friction)

Hurricane Matthew Energy, 2016 What happened to the strength of Matthew when in the Carribean? ANSWER: It gained strength over warm water. What happened as Matthew moved north to Florida? ANSWER: It decreased strength as waters got cooler. What happened to the strength when Matthew hit land in SC? ANSWER: It lost strength (down to a category 1). CAT 1 LAND CAT 3 CAT 4 START CAT 5

Climate Change Impact: Storms If Climate Change makes the ocean warmer, the temperature will rise. The warmer water will have more Heat Energy. What happens if there is a larger temperature difference between warmer oceans and cool air? Stronger storms are expected

Thank you for participating in the CERT Educational Series Heat Transfer Enrichment II: Heat Equation, Weather Impacts