Introductıon to ClInıcal Psychology: Scıence, Practıce and Ethıcs Research methods Assist. Prof. Merve Topcu Department of Psychology, Çankaya University 2016-2017, Fall

Research in Clinical Psychology Generating resarch hypothesis Ethics Determine research design options

Research in Clinical Psychology Generating resarch hypothesis Previous literature Operational definition Conceptualizing relationship btw variables

Research in Clinical Psychology Ethical issues Türk Psikologlar Derneği Etik Yönetmeliği Çankaya Üniversitesi bilimsel araştırma ve yayınlar etik kurulu yönergesi

Research in Clinical Psychology Ethical issues Institutional approval Informed consent for research Informed consent for recording Client/patient, student, & subordinate research participants Dispensing w/ informed consent Offering inducements for research participants Deception in research Debriefing Humane care & use of animals in research Reporting research results Plagiarism Publication credit Duplicate publication of date Sharing research data for verification Oblication on reviewers

Research in Clinical Psychology Determine research design options Internal validity the extent to which the interpretations drawn from the results of a study can be justified and alternative interpretations can be reasonably ruled out Threats to validity History Maturation Testing Instrumentation Statistical regression Selection bias Attrition External validity Generalizibility of the results

Research designs Case study Correlational studies Experimental desings Degree of r/ship btw two variables No causal r/ship Correlation Mediation Moderation Prevention Intervention Experimental desings Meta-analysis

Participants selection & assignment Sampling Optimize the fit between characteristics of the population to which the results will be generalized The type of sample that should be recruited The number of participants required for the study Statistical power

Measurement options Self-report measures Informant-report measures Rater evaluations Performance measures Projective measures Observation of behavior Psychophisiological measures Archiaval data

Psychometric properties of the measures Reliability Internal Consistency The degree to which elements of the measure (such as items on a test) are homogeneous. Test-Retest Reliability The stability over time of scores on a measure. Interrater Reliability The consistency of scores on a measure across different raters or observers

Psychometric properties of the measures Validity Content Validity: The extent to which the measure fully and accurately represents all elements of the domain of the construct being assessed. Face Validity: The extent to which the measure overtly appears to be measuring the construct of interest. Criterion Validity: The association of a measure with some criterion of central relevance to the construct, such as differentiating between groups of research participants. Concurrent Validity: The association of a measure with other relevant data measured at the same point in time. Predictive Validity: The association of a measure with other relevant data measured at some future point in time. Convergent Validity: The association between a measure and either other measures of the same construct or conceptually related constructs. Discriminant Validity: The association between measures that, conceptually, should not be related. Incremental Validity: The extent to which a measure adds to the prediction of a criterion beyond what can be predicted with other measurement data.

Significance Statistical vs clinical significance the outcome of a study and the degree to which a research hypothesis was supported evaluating the degree to which the intervention has had a meaningful impact on the functioning of the treated participants

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