GREECE AND POLAND AS TWO EXAMPLES OF A PARLIAMENTATY SYSTEM Dr Łukasz Danel Lecturer in Politics Department of Political Science Cracow University of Economics Poland

third biggest university in Cracow more than 23000 students http://www.uek.krakow.pl/ the largest school of economics in Poland third biggest university in Cracow more than 23000 students programmes for all levels of study (Bachelor’s, Master’s and Doctorate courses) as well as many post-diploma programmes

Faculty of Economics and International Relations Faculty of Finance http://www.uek.krakow.pl/ FACULTIES Faculty of Economics and International Relations Faculty of Finance Faculty of Commodity Science Faculty of Management Faculty of Public Economy and Administration

The Faculty of Economics and International Relations: http://www.uek.krakow.pl/ The Faculty of Economics and International Relations: Economics European Studies International Relations International Economic Relations International Logistics Organization and Management Engineering Organization and Management – Managerial Studies

LECH WAŁĘSA

JOHN PAUL II (KAROL WOJTYŁA)

ROMAN POLAŃSKI

FREDERIC CHOPIN

NICOLAUS COPERNICUS

ROBERT LEWANDOWSKI

JACEK GMOCH

Second largest city in Poland: Population: 760 000 inhabitants Surface: 327 km2

GREECE VS. POLAND

Greece, Poland – parliamentary regime POLITICAL REGIMES Parliamentary regime Presidential regime Semi-presidential regime Rule of convent system Greece, Poland – parliamentary regime

PLAN OF THE LECTURE 1. The constitutional form of government 2. The legislative power (including the electoral system) 3. The executive power 4. The party system 5. Curiosities

Constitutional form of government MONARCHY VS. REPUBLIC Sovereignty is actually or nominally embodied in a single individual that is the monarch. This title is usually inherited, though monarchs may also be elected or even appointed by a current monarch Offices of state are subsequently directly or indirectly elected or appointed rather than inherited. The head of state is usually a president Present-day monarchies – 45 (22% of all states)

Legislative power (incl. the electoral system) Structure of parliaments: Bicameral vs. Unicameral Unicameral in majority! Greece – The Hellenic Parliament (unicameral) Poland – Sejm and Senate (bicameral)

Sejm: 460 Senat: 100 MEMBERSHIP The Hellenic Parliament: 300 Asymmetrical bicameralism = supremacy of a lower chamber of parliament

Draft Laws + Law Proposals Regular legislative procedure Legislative process Greece: Draft Laws + Law Proposals Regular legislative procedure Urgent legislative procedure Parliament + President Poland: Sejm + Senate + President

The Hellenic Parliament: ELECTORAL SYSTEM The Hellenic Parliament: term of office – 4 years system of reinforced proportional representation multi-member constituencies + single-member constituencies + one multi-member nationwide constituency Hagenbach-Bischoff method

ELECTORAL SYSTEM Sejm: term of office – 4 years proportional representation multi-member constituencies d’Hondt method Senate: elected together with Sejm FPTP system single-member constituencies

Executive power it is dualistic - held by two institutions: the head of state and a collective government headed by a prime minister it is the distribution of seats in the parliament after the general election (and agreements that are made when none of the parties has a majority of seats) that is decisive when it comes to forming a government (and choosing a prime minister) regardless of the fact who formally makes such decisions

ALEXIS TSIPRAS BEATA SZYDŁO

The President the head of state (either a monarch or a president) exercises little or only reserve power with reference to both internal and foreign policy; holds only ceremonial and representative functions or the ones that are restricted to accepting the will of the parliamentarian majority

PROKOPIS PAVLOPOULOS ANDRZEJ DUDA

Election of the President the president may be elected directly or indirectly Poland – directly (two-round system) Greece – indirectly (by parliament) term of office: 5 years (maximum two terms)

Coalition of the Radical Left , New Democracy PARTY SYSTEM multi-party-system GREECE Coalition of the Radical Left , New Democracy + Golden Dawn, Democratic Coalition, Communist Party, The River, Independent Greeks, Union of Centrists

(Prawo i Sprawiedliwość – PiS) LAW AND JUSTICE (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość – PiS) currently in government leader: Jarosław Kaczyński (Andrzej Duda, Beata Szydło) right-wing ideology: national conservatism, social conservatism, EU-scepticism, clericalism

CIVIC PLATFORM POLISH PEOPLE’S PARTY KUKIZ ’15 MODERN

CURIOSITIES Unitary states Women’s suffrage and women in politics The right to be elected Electoral threshold Voter turnout The Constitutional Court

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