Written by Chris Jackson, Ed.D. GRADE 5 STAAR SCIENCE REVIEW Written by Chris Jackson, Ed.D. www.hedgehoglearning.com © Hedgehog Learning

Grade 5 STAAR Science Review All clipart and images used in this review are either created by Hedgehog Learning, found in public domain, or used with permission from iStockphoto, iClipart, Microsoft, or www.123rf.com © Hedgehog Learning

STAAR Review DAY 1 MATTER AND ENERGY TEKS 5.5A (R), 5.5B (S), 5.5C (S) © Hedgehog Learning

What is Stuff Made Of? All things are made of matter. Mass is the amount of matter in an object. You can describe the physical properties of matter like color, smell, taste, texture, and how it conducts heat or electricity. © Hedgehog Learning

Describe the Physical Properties of Sugar Taste? Smell? Texture? Color? Conducts Heat? Conducts Electricity? © Hedgehog Learning

Physical Properties Some materials will retain their physical properties even when mixed together. Consider a mixture of sand and iron filings. Does it retain its physical properties? Can you separate the mixture? How? © Hedgehog Learning

Magnetism Magnetism is also a physical property of metals like iron, steel, and nickel. A magnet can attract things like iron filings, paper clips, and staples, but not glass, plastic, wood, or rubber. © Hedgehog Learning

Solubility Dissolving means to mix evenly in a liquid like water. What are some things that dissolve in water? salt, sugar, etc. What are some things that don’t dissolve in water? sand, metal filings, etc. © Hedgehog Learning

Temperature Temperature measures how warm something is. The higher the temperature, the more the particles in matter move. In science, we primarily use the Celsius scale. Water freezes - 0˚C Water boils - 100˚C © Hedgehog Learning

Density: Will it Sink or Float? Density is the amount of matter in a certain amount of space. If something has greater density than water, it will sink. An object with lesser density than water will float. © Hedgehog Learning

Density: Will it Sink or Float? Will a key sink or float? Does it have higher or lower density than water? How about a block of wood? Does it have higher or lower density than water? © Hedgehog Learning

States of Matter More Heat Less Heat Condensation Freezing Evaporation Melting No Definite Shape No Definite Shape Definite Shape No Definite Volume Definite Volume Definite Volume © Hedgehog Learning

Conductors and Insulators If a material allows heat or electricity to easily pass through it, it is a conductor. If a material doesn’t allow heat or electricity to pass through it, it is an insulator. © Hedgehog Learning

Conductor or Insulator? Classify these items as conductors or insulators of heat and electricity. © Hedgehog Learning

STAAR Review DAY 2 MATTER AND ENERGY TEKS 5.5A (R), 5.5D (S), 3.5C (S) © Hedgehog Learning

Review from Day 1 Object Fill in the chart below on a sheet of paper. Magnetic? Physical State? Density Compared to Water? Float or Sink? Soluble in Water? Insulator or Conductor of Electricity? Vegetable Oil Iron Nail Salt Oxygen Wood Spoon

Review from Day 1 No Liquid Float Insulator Yes Solid Sink Conductor Object Magnetic? Physical State? Density Compared to Water? Float or Sink? Soluble in Water? Insulator or Conductor of Electricity? Vegetable Oil No Liquid Float Insulator Iron Nail Yes Solid Sink Conductor Salt (if not dissolved) Oxygen Gas Wood Spoon © Hedgehog Learning

Mixtures and Physical Properties Yesterday, we reviewed that some mixtures retain their physical properties when mixed like iron filings and sand. What if we mixed salt and water? Would the salt and water retain their physical properties? How would they change? © Hedgehog Learning

Mixtures and Physical Properties Look at the two items being mixed. Describe the difference in physical properties in each example before and after mixing. © Hedgehog Learning

Changes in States of Matter Changes in the state of matter can occur when a substance is cooled or heated. What changes will occur when water is cooled to 0˚C? What changes will occur when water is heated to 100˚C? © Hedgehog Learning

Changes in States of Matter Describe the change in the state of matter that will occur in these examples: + HEAT + HEAT + COOLING + COOLING © Hedgehog Learning

STAAR Review DAY 3 FORCE, MOTION, AND ENERGY TEKS 5.6A (R), 5.6B (R), 5.6D (S) © Hedgehog Learning

Types of Energy Energy is the ability to make things change or move. Energy can come in all kinds of forms – mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound. © Hedgehog Learning

Name that Energy! _________ energy converted to _________ energy. © Hedgehog Learning

Name that Energy! Electrical energy converted to sound energy. Electrical energy converted to light energy. Mechanical energy converted to sound energy. © Hedgehog Learning

Circuits and Electricity Circuits are a pathway that allow the flow of electric current to be changed into other forms of energy, such as light, sound, or heat. © Hedgehog Learning

Types of Circuits The purpose of the circuit in this appliance is to convert electrical energy to ________ energy. © Hedgehog Learning

Types of Circuits The purpose of the circuit in this appliance is to convert electrical energy to ________ energy. © Hedgehog Learning

Types of Circuits The purpose of the circuit in this appliance is to convert electrical energy to ________ energy. © Hedgehog Learning

Why won’t these circuits work!? © Hedgehog Learning

Designing an Experiment When designing an experiment, you begin with a hypothesis, or a statement that can be tested. For example, you may hypothesize that objects of higher mass will require more force to move them. If this was your hypothesis, what would be your variable? What would you keep constant? © Hedgehog Learning

STAAR Review DAY 4 FORCE, MOTION, AND ENERGY TEKS 5.6B (R), 5.6C (R), 3.6B (S) © Hedgehog Learning

Review of Circuits Draw a circuit that includes a battery, light bulb, switch, and copper wires. What happens when the switch is open? What happens if you remove the battery? What happens if you unscrew the light bulb? © Hedgehog Learning

Light Light is energy that can be seen. It travels in a straight line until it strikes a mirror or travels through another medium. Reflection is the bouncing of light off of a mirror or other shiny object. Refraction is the bending of light when it travels through a different medium such as glass. © Hedgehog Learning

Reflection and Refraction Example of Reflection MIRROR Example of Refraction GLASS © Hedgehog Learning

Refraction or Reflection Classify each picture as an example of refraction or reflection.

Motion and Force Motion occurs when an object changes position due to a push or a pull. When a change in motion occurs, a force has been applied to that object. Work, a force applied over a distance, can be done by machines such as pulleys, swings, or wagons. © Hedgehog Learning

Examples of Work, Motion, and Force Identify the direction of forces and motion in each example below. © Hedgehog Learning

STAAR Review DAY5 EARTH AND SPACE TEKS 5.7A (R), 5.7C (R), 5.7D (S), 4.7C (S) © Hedgehog Learning

Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary rocks are formed by the deposition and compacting of sediment. Sediment is material eroded from other rocks. Notice that the sediment is deposited in layers. © Hedgehog Learning

Sedimentary Rock Cycle Small rocks, sand, and pebbles are eroded and carried away by water. Deposited sediment is compacted into layers to form new rock. Sediment is deposited in a new location by the water. © Hedgehog Learning

Fossils Sedimentary rock is perfect for capturing fossils – the imprints and remains of prehistoric organisms. The age of fossils depends on how long ago the organism lived. Scientists use models to show time in the fossil record. © Hedgehog Learning

Fossil Fuels The energy trapped in rocks from dead organisms is called fossil fuels. Coal is formed from decayed plants that have been compacted under heat and pressure. Oil and natural gas are fossil fuels from prehistoric animals. © Hedgehog Learning

Energy Sources Fossil fuels are considered nonrenewable resources. They cannot be replaced when they are used which is why we should practice conservation. Renewable resources are energy sources that are always available. They include solar, wind, geothermal, hydroelectric, and biofuels. © Hedgehog Learning

Renewable Resources Name these renewable resources and describe how they can be used to produce energy. © Hedgehog Learning

STAAR Review DAY6 EARTH AND SPACE TEKS 5.7B (R), 5.8A (S), 5.8B (S), 4.7A (S), 4.8A (S), 4.8B (S), 4.8C (S), 3.7B (S) © Hedgehog Learning

Landforms Weathering from wind, water, and ice can create magnificent landforms on Earth! River deltas are triangular formations caused by the depositing of sediment in the river when the flow of water slows down. The sediment is the result of erosion upstream. © Hedgehog Learning

Landforms Canyons are formed by water cutting through the rock and carrying away sediment. Over time, the river or stream carves a deep formation in the rock. © Hedgehog Learning

Landforms Sand dunes are formed from wind gusts that carry sediments in the air and deposits the grains of sand on top of one another until a large hill-like structure is formed. © Hedgehog Learning

Landforms Glaciers are large sheets of ice that move slowly over time. Their large size and weight can carve smooth hills and valleys in the landscape. Valley carved by glacier

Rapid Changes in Landforms Sand dunes, canyons, deltas, and glacier valleys are formed slowly over time. Sometimes, the Earth can experience rapid changes from mudslides, earthquakes, and volcanoes. © Hedgehog Learning

Water Cycle Identify the parts of the water cycle. What provides the energy to drive the water cycle? A B C D © Hedgehog Learning

Moon Cycles Names these Moon phases. How long does it take to cycle through all the Moon phases? A B C D E F G © Hedgehog Learning

Weather Symbols Identify these weather symbols and describe what they mean. H L © Hedgehog Learning

STAAR Review DAY7 EARTH AND SPACE TEKS 5.8C (R), 5.8D (S), 3.8D (S) © Hedgehog Learning

Rotation of the Earth The Earth rotates on its axis every 24 hours or 1 day. The rotation of the Earth is what gives us the perception that objects move across the sky, like the Sun, Moon, and stars. © Hedgehog Learning

Rotation of the Earth The picture below is taken over 2 hours. What are the large and small streaks across the night sky? © Hedgehog Learning

Rotation and Revolution Rotation of the Earth Rotation is the movement of an object in space spinning on its axis. Revolution is the path of its orbit around a larger body in space. Revolution of the Earth © Hedgehog Learning

Compare the Characteristics of the Earth, Sun, and Moon Relative Size Atmosphere Position in the Solar System Surface © Hedgehog Learning

Planets of the Solar System Can you name the planets of the Solar System? SUN © Hedgehog Learning

Planets of the Solar System

STAAR Review DAY8 ORGANISMS AND ENVIRONMENTS TEKS 5.9A (R), 5.9C (S), 3.9A (S) © Hedgehog Learning

Ecosystems Look at the ecosystem in the picture to the left. 1. What are the living and non-living elements in this ecosystem? 2. Give examples how the living and non-living elements interact. © Hedgehog Learning

Ecosystems Look at the frog living in its ecosystem in the picture to the right. How does the frog interact with the other elements in its environment? 2. What adaptations does the frog have that allow it to survive in this ecosystem? © Hedgehog Learning

Effects of Humans on Ecosystems Imagine this ecosystem before the highway and tunnel were built. How would you describe it? What effects did the highway and tunnel have on the ecosystem? © Hedgehog Learning

Overpopulation in Ecosystems In some parts of the United States, grazing animals like deer have become overpopulated. What effects on the ecosystem would you expect to see if a grazing animal becomes overpopulated? In the picture, explain why a deer might wander into a local neighborhood. © Hedgehog Learning

STAAR Review DAY9 ORGANISMS AND ENVIRONMENTS TEKS 5.9B (R), 5.10A (R), 5.9D (S) © Hedgehog Learning

Food Webs and Chains In the food web to the left, what role does the Sun play? Identify the producers, consumers, predators, and prey within the food web. How does the ant play a part in the food web? What would happen to the snake population if the rabbits were over-hunted? © Hedgehog Learning

Adaptations What adaptations do these animals have that allow them to survive in their environment? © Hedgehog Learning

Adaptations What adaptations does this animal have that allow it to survive in its environment? © Hedgehog Learning

Adaptations What adaptations does this animal have that allow it to survive in its environment? © Hedgehog Learning

Oxygen – Carbon Dioxide Cycle How is the oxygen – carbon dioxide cycle represented in this picture? What is producing carbon dioxide? What is producing oxygen? © Hedgehog Learning

Oxygen – Carbon Dioxide Cycle How does burning coal to make electricity affect the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere? © Hedgehog Learning

STAAR Review DAY10 ORGANISMS AND ENVIRONMENTS TEKS 5.10B (R), 5.10C (S), 3.10C (S) © Hedgehog Learning

Inherited Traits and Learned Behavior Inherited traits are characteristics that a plant or animal receives from its parents. Learned behaviors are skills that an animal develops after it is born. Question – Can a plant develop a learned behavior? © Hedgehog Learning

Inherited Trait or Learned Behavior? © Hedgehog Learning

Inherited Trait or Learned Behavior? © Hedgehog Learning

Inherited Trait or Learned Behavior? © Hedgehog Learning

Inherited Trait or Learned Behavior? Shape of beak – inherited trait or learned behavior? Says “Hello!” – inherited trait or learned behavior? © Hedgehog Learning

Metamorphosis Complete metamorphosis is a four-stage cycle from egg to adult. Incomplete metamorphosis is a three-stage process. pupa nymph adult adult larva egg egg Complete Metamorphosis Incomplete Metamorphosis © Hedgehog Learning

Life Cycles Compare/contrast the life cycles of these two organisms. What are their similarities? Differences? © Hedgehog Learning

Good luck on STAAR Science! You’ll do great! © Hedgehog Learning