FACTS ABOUT PREGNANCY PROTECTION

Pregnancy occurs when sperm meets an ovum True or False? Pregnancy is possible anytime sperm are left in, on or around the vagina Females can get pregnant before menstruation Females can get pregnant during menstruation Females can not flush sperm by urinating Douching after intercourse will not prevent pregnancy Pregnancy can occur if intercourse takes place standing up or in a hot tub Withdrawal is not a method of birth control

WITHDRAWAL IS NOT A METHOD TO PREVENT PREGNANCY “Withdrawal Method” 1 ~ Pre-ejaculation- Fluid released before semen No warning signs Sperm are left in vagina even if penis is left in the vagina before ejaculating 2 ~ Semen left on outside of vagina Moisture allows for sperm to swim into the vagina 300-400 million sperm released in one ejaculation 3 ~ Height of sexual pleasure Control May be frustrating, and easy as tension increases, to think erroneously *Remember: As sexual feelings build, a person thinks less clearly/acts less responsible. Not withdrawing the penis… JUST THIS ONE TIME may mean a few seconds more of pleasure and being faced with becoming a parent in nine months. WITHDRAWAL IS NOT A METHOD TO PREVENT PREGNANCY

Male Condom Thin sheath of latex/animal tissue placed on the erect penis to catch semen. How it works/used? Check expiration date Open carefully Water based lubricant Never oil based (Vaseline) Unroll condom on erect penis Leave space at tip Why?? After ejaculation- Hold condom in place/remove immediately Tie and discard 98% effective! Over-the-counter No prescription necessary Cost $$ .45 per condom 12 for 3.99 24 for 6.99 Cost of unplanned pregnancy… PRICELESS!!

Positives?? Negatives?? Shows you care, no pregnancy Allergic reactions, can tear

Female Condom A barrier contraceptive just like the male condom How it works/used? Condom has a ring on each end The ring that is placed on the inside of the vagina fits over the cervix The other ring, which is open, covers the vulva After ejaculation- Hold condom in place/remove immediately Tie and discard 98% effective! Over-the-counter No prescription Cost $$ $2.00 **Heat destroys condoms** Glove compartment/wallet are no good. Store in cool, dry places.

Negatives? Positives? Breaks if pushed to far up, moves around Shows that you care, no pregnancy

Spermicides Chemical that kills sperm when it comes in contact with it. How it works/used?? Comes in gel, foam or suppositories (pill form) Fill applicator and insert in vagina (near cervix) no more than 30 minutes before intercourse If 30 minutes pass, another app is necessary 75-80% effective 98% with condom Over-the-counter Cost $$ $10.00 - 15.00

Suppositories, Gel or Foam Negatives?? Not recommended to walk or move around, must plan ahead, and chemicals may cause irritation. Spermicides when used alone are one of the least effective methods of contraception. Positives?? When used with condom, the effectiveness is much higher.

Birth Control Pills (Oral Contraceptives) Contains hormones that work the same as the natural female body – estrogen and progesterone. How it works/used IF USED CORRECTLY Ovaries stop releasing ova, mucus from cervix thickens, and the lining of the uterus changes. Pill taken everyday (Protection begins after one month) 3 weeks of hormones, 1 week period Continue taking pills until pack is empty Miss pill? Take two the next day Miss more than one day? Take two pills each day until caught up. Use another form of contraceptive!! <99% effective To get a Rx: Visit health center Pelvic exam (Pap) BP, fam history, Cost $$ $10.00-30.00/pack New pack is needed every month

Positives?? Pregnancy prevention, regulates menstrual cycle, lower incidences of cancers and cysts. Negatives?? Increase clotting, weight fluctuation, and other medicines can make pill less effective.

Contraceptive Injectables Hormones injected to prevent pregnancy How it works/used? Injectables stop the ovaries from releasing an egg. Injected into arm, thigh, or buttock. Lunelle One month Depo-Prevera 3 months Very effective as long as woman gets a shot on time! Health facility is needed Cost $$ Lunelle $15-20 Depo $45-90

Positives?? Nothing needs to be taken daily or at time of intercourse, improvement in PMS symptoms, lighter period and less cramping Negatives?? No STD protection, can lead to irregular periods, must return to Dr. for injections, and side effects are present for lengthy period.

Nuva Ring A flexible hormone filled ring similar to the pill. How it works/used?? Wash hands, remove from pouch Squeeze ring between fingers and gently push into vagina Exact position is not important for it to work. If uncomfortable, push further into vagina Ring stays in for 3 weeks, period for 1 week, then new ring is inserted Removal with index finger 99% effective if used properly!! Rx is needed Cost $$ $35-40 per month

Positives?? Do not have to take everyday and pregnancy prevention Negatives?? Must remember to take ring out after 3 weeks, and put new one in the following week.

Diaphragm A soft rubber cap with a flexible rim that is worn inside the vagina. How it works/used? The cup, or bowl part of the diaphragm, covers the cervix. Spermicide is applied in the cup (Also is a physical barrier) Before insertion, diaphragm must be covered with contraceptive gel or cream Highly effective!! How to get it?? Rx is needed Dr. fits to cervix (different sizes) Instructions Practice in front of Dr. Can be up in up to 6 hrs. before intercourse Cost $$ $35-40.00

Positives? Negatives? Easy to use, both partners can’t feel it Must put in hours before, need Dr. to fit to cervix, no protection against STD’s, allergic reactions

Emergency Contraceptives Pills A short, high, burst of synthetic hormones How it works/used? Disrupts hormone pattern needed for pregnancy Affects the ovaries and the development of the uterine lining, making pregnancy less likely. Depending upon where the woman is in her menstrual cycle, the hormones prevent pregnancy in different ways. Reduces risk of pregnancy by 75-89% Most effective within 24 or up to 5 days Take one pill as soon as possible and another 12 hours later Under 18-Need RX 18 and Up-Pharmacy Cost $$ $20-30.00

1-888-not 2 late Positives? Negatives? Good for emergency use only Vomiting (call) dr., immense amount of hormones

Ortho Evra (The Patch) A patch placed on the body that releases hormones into the blood stream. How it works/used? Apply once a week, on the same day, for 3 weeks Wear on buttocks, arm, abdomen, and upper torso Never on breasts During week 4, no patch Never apply exactly in the same spot 99% effective if used properly Dr. or health care facility Rx is needed Cost $$ $15-35.00/month

Positives? No pregnancy (stops ovaries from ovulating), Do not have to worry about taking something everyday, regulated menstrual cycle Negatives? Must remember to change patch every week, side effects (as with most other forms of BC)

Abstinence How it works/used?