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APA Format http://my.ilstu.edu/~jhkahn/APAsample.pdf

Development of Modern Psychology Chapter 3

Biblical Anthropology A Christian worldview includes a Biblical description of the essence of human nature.

Sigmund Freud Played a huge role in the development of psychology He believed that the unconscious mind controls a lot of who we are. May 1856 – 23 September 1939

The Psychosexual Stages of Development Stage Age Range Features Oral 0-18 months Satisfaction from eating and suckling. Anal 18-36 months Satisfaction from the anal region. For example- excretion. Phallic 3-6 years Genitals become a source of satisfaction. Latency 6 years-puberty Boys and girls spend little time together. Genital After puberty Genitals are the main source of sexual pleasure.

The Id, Ego and Superego The id is present from birth and is the pleasure drive. The ego is present from the age of 2 and deals with reality by balancing out the ego and superego. Finally, the superego is present from the age of 5 and is morality (knowing the difference between right and wrong). If the ego is not strong enough to balance out the demands of the id and the superego then abnormality will occur. For example, if a person’s id was stronger than their ego then this could lead to them becoming a rapist in later life due to them having a stronger pleasure drive than morality.

Behaviorism Man is a very complicated machine that react to stimuli in predictable ways. B.F. Skinner- all human behavior is determined by the environment

Reductionism Reductionism is an approach to understanding the nature of complex things by reducing them to the interactions of their parts, or to simpler or more fundamental things

Humanism Philosophy that centers on values, capacities and worth Emphasis on the emotional, motivational and social aspects of mankind

Selfism Psychological perspective that people should feel good about themselves, learn to love themselves, and rid themselves of shame and guilt

Structuralism Mental experiences complex structures comprised of from simpler component structures Early psychologists tried to discover the “structure” of mental processes and the laws governing their formation

Functionalism Not focused on structure but on its purpose or function