The Biosphere and Factors in Ecosystems SNC1D Introduction to biomes video

The Biosphere Biosphere: the zone around Earth where life can exist within the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere (You can have artificial biospheres!)

The Biosphere It has 3 components that interact with each other:

The Atmosphere Atmosphere: the layer of gases surrounding Earth Made up of: 78% nitrogen 21% oxygen Remaining <1% is composed of argon, water vapour, It acts like a blanket and moderates surface temperature (blocks solar radiation and UV light) Three layers within the atmosphere: Troposphere, Stratosphere and Mesosphere

The Lithosphere Lithosphere: Earth’s solid outer layer

The Hydrosphere Hydrosphere: All of Earth’s water in solid, liquid and gas form (freshwater accounts for ~ 3% of all water on Earth)

Ecosystems An ecosystem is all the living organisms and their physical and chemical environment Abiotic factors: components of the atmosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere (non-living components like wind, temperature) Biotic factors: all living things and their remains, and features, such as nests, associated with their activities A marine ecosystem A terrestrial ecosystem

Biotic factors Community: all organisms living in the same ecosystem Population: all individuals of the same species in an ecosystem

Ecosystems Ecosystems can be large (a forest) or small (a rotting log) Sustainable Ecosystem – an ecosystem that is maintained through natural processes (Humans often change the biotic and abiotic factors of an ecosystem)

Biomes Biome: a large area defined by its climate and plant life Major ecosystems that spread over a large portion of the Earth and share similar abiotic and biotic factors