ARCH 5325 Conservation Policies Chapter 7 Intervention Approaches, Documentation, and Technology

Most of the architectural projects today are adaptive use of historic or old buildings Without care one can damage buildings by not understanding materials: i.e. mortar and brick, waterproofing, roofing Historical integrity can be lost through inappropriate renovation and restoration

Preservation Technology is the understanding of historic building materials and methods of construction and the use of new technologies: i.e. fiberglass, glazing, waterproofing, insulation, cellulose, plaster, and stucco

Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation Resources Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation http://www.nps.gov/tps/standards/four- treatments/treatment-rehabilitation.htm deals with types of intervention: i.e. preservation, restoration, reconstruction, rehabilitation, and conservation/preservation of material, as in paint types, and colors and intervention with new materials as replacements for old

Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties with Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring, and Reconstructing Historic Buildings http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/http://www.nps.gov/tps/standards.htm deals rather broadly with the history of components (windows, doors, masonry) and materials

Deals with specific methods Preservation Briefs http://www.nps.gov/tps/how-to-preserve/briefs.htm Deals with specific methods 2 Repointing Mortar Joints in Historic Masonry Buildings Properties of Mortar Mortars for repointing should be softer or more permeable than the masonry units and no harder or more impermeable than the historic mortar to prevent damage to the masonry units. Stresses within a wall caused by expansion, contraction, moisture migration, or settlement must be accommodated in some manner . . . . A mortar that is stronger in compressive strength than the masonry units will not "give," thus causing stresses to be relieved through the masonry units--resulting in permanent damage to the masonry, such as cracking and spalling, that cannot be repaired easily.

http://www.nps.gov/history/local- law/arch_stnds_6.htm Secretary of the Interior’s Guidelines for Architectural and Engineering Documentation http://www.nps.gov/history/local- law/arch_stnds_6.htm Deals with documentation methods for historic properties: i.e. for National Register properties and other historic property documentation Includes measured drawings for HABS, HAER, and HALS; photographic requirements; written data; and historic documents administers virtually all preservation programs of the US government

National Register Nominations Case Study Charles Goodnight Ranch House

Research Literature/Resource Search Maps and City Lithographs Raymond Buck House—bills from suppliers Newspaper articles Maps and City Lithographs Lithographs mostly done in the late 1800s and early 1900s so are not usually useful for later buildings Sanborn Maps—are very often useful http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/sanborn/l.html Oral Histories Measured Drawings—by hand or by 3D Laser Scanning Photographic Techniques— digital, black and white, large format, infrared

Reading the Building Looking at changes made over time “Forensic Architecture”

Historic Structures Reports Include: Table of Contents List of Illustrations Introduction Historical Information General Property Information Land Title History Historical Context Architectural History Architectural Context Architectural Description Renovations and Additions

Architectural Information Description of the Site and Auxiliary Structures Photographs of the Exterior Notes on the Exterior Interior Photographs Notes on the Interior of the Ranch House Drawings (if necessary) Preservation Plan Immediate Needs in Order of Priority Medium Priority Preservation Needs Proposed Future Restorations (Low Priority) Bibliography

Case Study Charles Goodnight House Historic Structures Report

Accessibility Codes and Fire Safety ADA—ramps and door widths, heights for wall mounted fixtures/signage Fire—exits, sprinkler systems