By Lucas Sloan, Emma Sharpe, Mallory Kennedy, Gage Marshall The Han and Qin Dynasty By Lucas Sloan, Emma Sharpe, Mallory Kennedy, Gage Marshall

Social - Qin Every class has power over the class lower than it The emperor ruled the whole country and was at the top of the social structure Advisors were next in social class, they helped the emperor make decisions Army generals are after the advisors. Generals helped lead the army. Nobles are next in class, they are people who were born into wealth. After nobles were the Scholars. Scholars dedicated their whole lives to studying ancient Chinese traditions and beliefs. Soldiers were next in class, their job was fight and train in the army. Peasants were at the bottom of the social class and had no respect

Social - Han A three-tiered social system Aristocrats and bureaucrats were at the top of the hierarchy Farmers and peasants were second (skilled laborers) Slaves and servants (unskilled laborers) were the lowest of the hierarchy The emperor ruled over everyone First class government workers were immune to arrest, unless the emperor’s permission was granted Second class was respected and depended on Second class could become officials State-owned slaves often worked in palaces and offices Privately-owned slaves worked in domestic services and farming

State Building - Qin Qin Shi Huangdi- political leader that got rid of Zhou leader and eventually became emperor His system of organization gave him complete control Under Qin’s rule, powerful armies crushed any resistance China was organized into large provinces ruled by bureaucrats appointed by the emperor They conquered many neighboring states and unified China

State Building - Han The emperor was the head of the government He created laws, headed the armed forces as the commander-in-chief, and served as the chief executive official Han rulers attained the centralized government but sought to reduce brutality and repression of the Qin Dynasty Han mostly preserved the Qin’s government; became what is now known as “classical Chinese politics” One peasant leader defeated all the other aggrieved peasants during a massive and established the Han Dynasty

Environment - Qin The Qin Dynasty was located along the coast of the Pacific Ocean Difficult to maintain since it was spread over a large area of land Great Wall was built to keep outsiders from attacking Strong army allowed them to crush anyone surrounding them

Environment - Han Early Han Dynasty expanded the Chinese territory into Korea, Indochina, and central Asia. This expansion allowed the Chinese to have contact with the Middle East. Afterwards the expansion extended into the Gobi Desert, Taklamakan Desert, and Kunlun Mountains

Culture - Qin Legalism - The Emperor eliminated this because it disregarded the Feudal system and encouraged harsh punishments, Confucianism The government standardized weights and measures Created paper, gunpowder for battles, matches, canons, compasses, umbrellas and much more New writing style known as calligraphy

Culture - Han Confucianism, Western - Taoism Developed by Laozi and influenced by other scholars, Buddhism starts to take over China Pottery was made, loom was invented Music Bureau, of the Yuefu, began to gather and record some ceremonial songs and chants as well as ballads of popular people

Economic - Qin Road and canal systems enabled trade in the Qin’s newly conquered territories Maintained armies of forced laborers, convicts and slaves who worked on public projects like roads, canal systems, bridges, and completed the Great Wall of China Economy was organized to create and agriculture-based and, militarized society and to enhance power and wealth of its ruler Qin Shi Huang made the people pay more taxes and work more so he would become wealthier as his people became poor Took land away from nobles

Economic - Han Economy was defined by population growth, trade, industry growth, and nationalization At the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the construction of the Great Wall took a toll on the economy Relied heavily on the production output of peasants Han Dynasty got rid of Qin Dynasty’s suppressing policies by getting rid of the Qin’s taxes on merchants, peasants, and lower the taxes for landowners. The government banned nobles from purchasing land, so farmers and peasants can plant more.