KEY CONCEPT Transcription converts a gene into a single-stranded RNA molecule.

RNA carries DNA’s instructions. The central dogma states that information flows in one direction from DNA to RNA to proteins.

The central dogma includes three processes. Replication Transcription Translation replication transcription translation 2. RNA is a link between DNA and proteins. 1. 3. 4. -Instructions for code are sent from nucleus, are made in the ribosome and then the proteins are made then sent to the Golgi to be packaged and processed 5.

RNA differs from DNA in three major ways. DNA has deoxyribose -RNA has a ribose sugar. DNA has A, T, C, G -RNA has A, U, C, G DNA is double stranded -RNA is a single-stranded U = Uracil

Transcription makes three types of RNA. Transcription copies DNA to make a strand of RNA DNA RNA.

2. DNA codes to mRNA 1. DNA unwinds 7. Enzyme 6. New RNA strand-single strand 3. Growing mRNA detaches 4. DNA 5. Free floating nucleotides

The RNA strand detaches from the DNA once the gene is transcribed.

Transcription makes three types of RNA. 1. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the message that will be translated to form a protein. 2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms part of ribosomes where proteins are made. 3. Transfer RNA (tRNA) transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to a ribosome.

DS DNA UNZIPS NEW mRNA DNA rezips A-T A - T A-U A-T G-C G- C G-C G-C T-A T- A T-A T-A A-T A- T A-U A-T