Today’s EOC Review: Viruses & Special Cells Get your class notebook from cabinet Find your review notebook & sit in a seat Put all electronics away Put all other non-Biology stuff away Get ready to review!!!!  Proks vs euks (amoeba sisters)  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ruBAHiij4EA Viruses & Immune (amoeba sisters)  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHp6iYDi9ko Osmosis  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EmJFgkcbzVg

Biology EOC Review Viruses & Specialized Cells Are they alive?

Why is a Virus Non-Living? Does NOT have a cell No gas exchange (do NOT breathe) No metabolism (do not eat or make wastes) Can reproduce, but only if in a host cell

What are Virus Components? Has a structure that is wrapped in a protein coat (capsid) Capsid contains genetic material (DNA or RNA) NOT BOTH

How to Fight a Virus? Cannot use antibiotics… these target cells So why won’t they work on viruses? Vaccines used to stop infection Use broken virus to trick body into making an army to “kill” that virus If infected, only your immune system will fight it

Types of Viruses

Lytic Cycle

Lysogenic Cycle

Viral Reproduction

Cell Structure & Function The job fits the parts! This applies to shape of cell & organelles in it Structure and function go hand-in-hand for all parts of living things…including cells Depending on what the cell’s job, it must be structured differently than a “typical cell” For example…

Neurons: carry electrical messages How related to its structure?

Muscle cells: contract to cause movements How is this related to its structure?

Red Blood Cell: carry Oxygen How related to its structure? Thin membranes and lots of surface area for carrying oxygen

Intestinal epithelium: absorption of food How related to its structure? Thin membranes and lots of surface area for absorbing food

Bone Tissue: For building strong bones How related to its structure? Thick layers of cells And a “kernmantle” design make bones very strong and pourous

Bacteria vs Virus

The End

Quiz - Microbes Answer in your notebook. You may use your notes, but this will slow you down. Once a slide is finished, it will not return!

Quiz - Microbes 1. The method of asexual reproduction in bacteria is called – A. conjugation B. sporulation C. budding D. binary fission

Quiz - Microbes 2. Which is a spirillum? 3. Which is a bacillus? 4. Which is a coccus? A B C

Quiz - Microbes 5. The large, rounded structures shown within the bacterial cells below are – A. capsules -- C. endospores B. cell walls -- D. pili

Quiz - Microbes 6. You overhear a friend complaining about being sick and wishing that we could wipe all bacteria off the face of the planet. Explain two reason why this would actually end up harming humans (and all life). 7. Antibiotics like penicillin work by poking holes in the cell walls of bacteria. What substance is penicillin actually breaking down when it does this?

Quiz - Microbes 8. Does the flu virus use the lytic cycle, the lysogenic cycle, or both? 9. Does the herpes virus use the lytic cycle, the lysogenic cycle, or both? 10. What is the only “life trait” that viruses have?

Quiz - Microbes 11. If you have strep throat, would you be prescribed antibiotics or a vaccine? Explain. 12. Each year, many people get a flu shot to prevent getting the flu. Is this antibiotics or a vaccine? Explain.

Quiz - Microbes 13. Imagine pictures of viruses and bacteria. Explain how you will be able to tell which is which. (what key traits do you look for?)