Rebellion.

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Presentation transcript:

Rebellion

Slave Insurrections (Rebellions) Large-scale insurrections – uprisings involving 10 or more slaves Rare in the United States More common in Caribbean and Latin America

Why so few in the United States? 1) Whites outnumbered blacks 2) Slaves worked under the direct supervision of whites 3) Slaves separated by great distances 4) No place to hide 5) Working conditions weren’t as harsh 6) Slaves tended to live as families.

Slaves did express their discontent Expressions of rebellion were often subtle Work slowly Theft – most common form of rebellion “taking” and “stealing” “Silent sabotage” – slowing down the plantation ● Destroying crops ● Pretending to be sick ● “Forgetting” to do things ● Breaking tools ● Hobbling animals ● Weighing down cotton Dysaethesia Æthiopica.

Acts of Violence Burning buildings Poisoning the master Assaulting their master Killing the master Suicide

Running away 1,000 per year Typical runaway – Single (unmarried) young man Runaways tended to run alone or in small groups In the summer (good weather)

Why Did they run, where did they go? Most common reasons? To avoid work To avoid punishment To avoid being sold To be free To reunite with families or lovers Where did they run to? Following the North Star The free states in the North or Canada Florida – before 1820 Some stayed nearby their old plantation

Large scale rebellions Rare, but they did happen in the United States 250 uprisings or planned uprising

Gabriel’s Plot – 30 August 1800 Gabriel Prosser (I775-1800) Henrico, County Virginia Planned an attack on the state capital Betrayed by two house slaves 91 slaves convicted for taking part Prosser, his family and 21 others executed Ten conspirators deported Caused fear and tension in the area

Denmark Vesey’s Conspiracy -- 30 may 1822 Denmark Vesey (I767-1822) -- A former slave 9,000 slaves Charleston, South Carolina House slaves betrayed Vesey 131 Blacks and 4 whites conspirator arrested Vesey and 35 aides were hanged 34 slaves were deported 61 of the accused were acquitted Harsh laws enacted after the failed rebellion

Nat Turner’s Rebellion – August 1831 The only rebellion to result in a large number of white casualties Nat Turner, a slave North Hampton Country Virginia Turner was a religious preacher 70 armed slaves Two-day rampage began on 21 August 1831 They killed about 60 whites

Whites react to Turner’s Rebellion Nat Turner eluded capture 53 Blacks were arrested and tried ● 20 were hanged ● 21 were acquitted ● 12 were transported out of Virginia October 30, Nat Turner was captured He was tried, and hanged His body mutilated.

Impact of Nat Turners Rebellion Southern States adopt more rigid Slave Codes President blocks delivery of abolitionist literature to the southern states House of Representatives prevented from reading abolitionist petitions The “gag rule” (1836 to 1844)