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Power & Energy Technology Energy Sources Shut off the lights. What if there were no forms of energy. Would you be here now? How did the bus move this morning? Did the lights come on in the house this morning? What about your alarm clock, did it wake you up? If there were no form of energy the world would come to a halt. Mr. Huebsch

Behavioral Objectives Student will know the 10 sources of energy Students will understand how we measure energy Students will get a concept of our current supply and demand of energy Students will understand our energy flow Energy Picture The Future through 2010

I. Sources of Energy Renewable Sources Solar (sun) Wind Hydropower U.S. produces 0.1% and uses 0.1% Solar collectors PV Wind Windmills http://www.bahrainwtc.com/ Hydropower U.S. produces 3.7% and uses 2.7% Falling or Flowing water Tides Geothermal U.S. produces .06% and uses 0.3% Heating and cooling Biomass U.S. produces 3.9% and uses 2.9% Fermentation (corn fuel, methane) Burning (wood) Bacterial Decay (methane from landfills) Conversion (to gas or liquid with chemicals)

Sources of Energy Non-renewable sources Coal U.S. produces 31.7% and uses 22.8% Top producing states WY, WV, KY, PA, TX Natural Gas U.S. produces 27.7% and uses 23% TX, OK, NM, LA, WY Oil U.S. produces 18.3% and uses 38.3% TX, AK, CA, LA, NM Top importing countries Saudi Arabia, Mexico, Canada, Venezuela, Nigeria Nuclear Fuels U.S. produces 11.4% and uses 8.3% Uses uranium 235 to produce steam and create electricity Propane U.S. produces 2.5% and uses 1.9%

Sources of Energy

2. Energy Units Barrel Btu (British thermal unit) Liquid volume equal to 42 gallons or 159 liters 1 barrel of crude oil has about the same heat energy as 350 pounds of bituminous coal Btu (British thermal unit) Our way of measuring heat Quantity of heat necessary to raise temp. of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit Average American uses 889,000 Btu’s daily

Energy Units Calorie Watt Metric unit of heat energy Amount of heat needed to raise the temp. of one gram of water on degree Celsius = .0039Btu Watt Unit of measure for electrical power equal to the transfer of one joule of energy per second

Energy Units Kilowatt Quad Measure of power, usually electrical power of heat flow. = 1,000 watts or 3,413 Btu Quad Unit for describing very large amounts of energy (1015 Btu) Energy used by an entire country in a year. U.S. uses 1 quad about every 4 days Top three most populated in millions China @ 1295 pop. = 43.2 quads India @ 1050 pop. = 14 quads U.S. @ 288 pop. = 97.4 quads

3. Supply vs. Demand Supply Demand Input to a system (what we Have) Output to a system (what we need) Supply and Demand must be equal or problem will arise

Supply vs. Demand Demand Sectors (where our energy goes) Residential and Commercial Energy used by homes, offices, schools, churches 39.4% Industrial Sector Produces goods and products we buy Manufacturing, Construction, mining, farming, fishing, and forestry. 33.4% Transportation Energy uses by cars, trucks, buses, trains, ships, and airplanes. 27.2%

Supply vs. Demand 27.2% 33.4% 39.4% Transportation Industrial Residential and Commercial 39.4%

4. Energy Flow Chart show Input and Output Input = energy resources Output = demand by sector Compare old and newer charts

Energy Flow Conclusions about Energy Flow Compare old and new charts If an oil shortage were to exist, the transportation sector would be most affected When any energy resource is changed to electricity, the total efficiency is less If a coal shortage were to exist all sectors would be affected except transportation Society is using 51% of energy and wasting 49% If N.G. ran short, the residential/commercial and industrial sectors would be affected If you try to get all the water back in the bucket you can not do it. Relate to other forms of energy. When you eat a candy bar, you don’t get 100% energy. Some of the candy bar is made into energy and some of the candy may not be used at all.

Energy Picture OIL 2055 – reserves depleted – If consumption stays the same N.G. 2060 – depleted – no longer accurate Coal 2250 – depleted – no longer accurate Data collected in 1994 @ D.O.E website

The Future through 2010 Energy use increases 30% Overall energy cost will increase 50% Oil production drops 28% Coal and N.G. will increase16 & 18%

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