Flying small things to take pictures of places at the top of the world cc-by J. Klump Flying small things to take pictures of places at the top of the world Upgoer Challenge Presenter: Jens Klump | OCE Science Leader Earth Science Informatics 01 June 2017 | Linking Environmental Data and Samples 2017 Mineral Resources

What we wanted to do: What we wanted to do: Find little growing things that live on white hard water, and that look like blood, living at the cold white top of the world. These little growing things can live when it is very cold, it does not kill them. It kills them when it gets too warm. We could use this to make better ice to eat and other food. We did not understand what makes them grow in some places, but not in other places. Maybe it had to do with the water, maybe with the rocks. So, in 2013 we went to the top of the world, where it is very cold, to find out. Upgoer Challenge | Jens Klump

The land at the top of the world CC BY SA 3.0 Wikipedia user TUBS CC BY SA 4.0 Oona Räisänen Upgoer Challenge | Jens Klump

What we tried to do: Find all fields of white hard water with living things on top. Little living things that look like blood are not found on all fields of white hard water. The red living things that look like blood like it when it is wet on the hard water. Some people said that the rocks under the fields of hard water tell us whether we will find the red living things on the hard water because the rocks change the water. We wanted to see the changes in the water. We took along a small flying thing to take pictures of the white fields of hard water from above. Upgoer Challenge | Jens Klump

This is what it looks like © Photographs: R. Bannasch Upgoer Challenge | Jens Klump

Hard work for humans and flying things cc-by J. Klump Working at the top of the world is hard for humans and flying things. The ground is not easy to walk around on and is often covered with hard water fields. The small flying thing can't start and land from the ground but needs to start and land from your hand. We had to learn that before we went there. You can't always use flying boxes in the sky to tell you where you are. It is cold and the small flying thing's power boxes lose power quickly. There are no good pictures on paper about the land, which makes it not easy to decide where you want to fly before you go there. The wind can change very quickly and push the small flying thing away. © R. Bannasch Upgoer Challenge | Jens Klump

Not easy to work there cc-by J. Klump cc-by J. Klump © T. Leya © R. Bannasch Upgoer Challenge | Jens Klump

Not safe for flying thing Not so safe © R. Bannasch © J. Braune There are animals on the land at the top of the world that make it a not so safe place. Some of them can make it not so safe for the small flying thing, others make it not safe for humans. We always had three people watching out for us to keep us safe. We had to carry guns. We had to leave the land very quickly four times and get on to the water to escape the big white animal. The flying thing did not look like it had a problem with the flying animals. Not safe for flying thing Not safe for humans Upgoer Challenge | Jens Klump

© Ascending Technologies The small flying thing This is what the small flying thing looks like. It has turning things to make it fly and a box to take pictures. It can fly alone if told to do so. We also had a picture box for light the eye can't see but we can feel as warm. We tried if we could see water in hard water fields by looking at the light that we can feel as warm. It did not work well because the water and the hard water looked the same in the light we can feel as warm, while the rock around the hard water fields was much warmer. © Ascending Technologies Upgoer Challenge | Jens Klump

Taking pictures from the air cc-by J. Klump Example: Gnållodden, Hornsund Here is a picture we took from the air using the picture box on the small flying thing. In this place many people from all over the world have worked before to study how animals and other living things live together on the land at the top of the world. You can see the red thing we used to move on the water. You can see the white fields of hard water. The red parts show where the small living things are on the hard water. You can see the water move though the hard water field. We learned a lot from pictures like this because they show you a lot of things you can't see when you are standing on the field of hard white water. © T. Leya Upgoer Challenge | Jens Klump

What we learned The small flying thing worked very well. It is light and can be carried around easily even if the ground is not easy to walk on. And it does not break easily It is easy to fly even when the wind is strong and the ground is not easy to walk on. Taking pictures with the picture box on the small flying thing showed us new things we didn't know about fields of white hard water. In the light that our eyes can see we could easily tell water from hard water and we could see the small living things on top of the white hard water. Using the picture box for the light we can feel as warm didn't work so well because the rocks around the hard water were to bright in this kind of light. We should have taken along a picture box for light just outside of the light we can see to tell us whether the living things were feeling well, to look at the so called the red edge. Upgoer Challenge | Jens Klump

Thank goes to: Fraunhofer IBMT – money and getting us and our stuff there. German Research Centre for Geosciences – money and getting us and our stuff there. Johannes Braune and Rudolf Bannasch – pictures, looking out for big white animals that want to kill us, keeping us safe Stein Siemenstad – Driving us around on the water, helping us to get our stuff around, looking out for big white animals that want to kill us. Ascending Technologies – Helping us with the small flying thing. Upgoer Challenge | Jens Klump

Thank you Mineral Resources Fraunhofer IBMT Jens Klump OCE Science Leader Earth Science Informatics Thomas Leya Research Group Leader t +49 331 58187304 t +61 8 6436 8828 e thomas.leya@ibmt.fraunhofer.de e jens.klump@csiro.au w www.ibmt.fraunhofer.de w www.csiro.au Günter Fuhr Director t +49 6894 980 - 100 e guenter.fuhr@ibmt.fraunhofer.de w www.ibmt.fraunhofer.de Mineral Resources