Space Weather in situ measurements perspective

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Presentation transcript:

Space Weather in situ measurements perspective Andrew Fazakerley Mullard Space Science Laboratory (UCL) UKSP Solar Missions Forum 09 Feb 2017

L5/L1 Space Weather Warning System Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs) Hazard Potential sudden magnetospheric compression - GICs possible prolonged Bz -ve, geomagnetic storm radiation belt enhancements, SEPs (sheath) Forecasting needs measurements at L5 RS: active regions (caution) L5 RS: Earthward ICME (clear risk) L1 RS : coronagraph (>~ 1 day halo CME alert) L1 IS : n, V, B (~ 1h geoeffectivity alert) Earth L5 Sun L1

L5/L1 Space Weather Warning System Stream Interaction Regions (SIR) and High Speed Streams (HSS) Hazard Potential Radiation belt enhancement from fast streams sudden compression of magnetosphere - GICs Forecasting needs measurements at L5 RS: near-equatorial coronal holes (caution) L5 IS: measure fast streams, waves (caution) L1 IS : n, V, B (~ 1h geoeffectivity alert) Earth L5 Sun L1

L5/L1 missions: In situ measurements (UK focus) Magnetometer (Imperial College) Solar Wind Analyser (MSSL/UCL) Preliminary study sets out requirements and shows importance of minimising spacecraft magnetic field, and using a long boom Emphasis on reliability and longevity Double Star FGM: Carr et al 2005 Preliminary study sets out requirements and shows how a development of SWA-EAS can deliver the requirements. Emphasis on reliability and longevity Solar Wind Analyser concept, developed from Solar Orbiter SWA-EAS

Earth-orbiting missions: In situ measurements (UK focus) QB50 (MSSL/UCL) HOPE-M (MSSL/UCL) Fleet of cubesats to launch in 2017 to study lower thermosphere. Several types of small sensor, (INMS, FIPEX, LP) INMS x 14 from MSSL, novel mini-analyser design ESA funded breadboard Small sensor for GEO satellites Measure plasmas causing spacecraft charging that causes anomalies “SWAN” design variant, optimised for solar wind, was planned for Sunjammer mission HOPE-M, breadboard novel mini- analyser design

Also… Current Future DSCOVR now operating at L1, measuring solar wind Proba-2: 2 year extension recently approved (includes SWAP solar disk imager) Future SMILE – ESA-CSA small mission, SpW theme, will be first to image boundaries of magnetosphere, in soft X-ray, also image aurora (THOR late 2020s if selected)