Biology eoc review

Chapter 5 – the cell cycle & mitosis 20. When does the duplication of DNA occur? 21. What is a cell doing during the GI and G2 periods? 22. What happens during cytokinesis? 23. If the cell cycle is controlled by enzymes, what might result if the genes that control the production of these enzymes are damaged? S phase during Interphase G1: cell growth; G2: cell prepares to divide The cytoplasm divides The cell could not control its growth rate and would continue to divide – leads to cancer

Anaphase Prophase Interphase Telophase Metaphase 24. put the following stages of mitosis (cell division) in order: I-P-M-A-T Anaphase Prophase Interphase Telophase Metaphase

Tetrad line up in the middle 25. Describe in words what happens at each stage of meiosis. a. b. c. d. E. 26. What kind of cells undergo mitosis? somatic cells-body cells Interphase: DNA replication Homologous chromosomes pair up forming a tetrad. Prophase: Metaphase: Tetrad line up in the middle Anaphase: Homologous chromosomes pull apart Telophase: two new cells form

Complete the following table about mitosis:   Mitosis Type of Reproduction (asexual or sexual) Chromosome number of parent cell (1N=haploid or 2N=diploid) Chromosome number of daughter cells Number of Cell Divisions Number of Daughter Cells When does DNA replication take place? Asexual 2N 2N 1 2 Interphase

Sugar, phosphate group, Nitrogenous base Chapter 8 – DNA & RNA 30. To the right is a strand of DNA. Give the complementary nucleotide sequence needed to make this a double helix. 31. What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? Sugar, phosphate group, Nitrogenous base 32. What are the black pentagons? What are the PO4’s? 33. What kind of weak bonds hold the two strands of DNA together? 34. What part of the DNA codes for our traits? The order of the nitrogenous bases T – C – G – G – T - C Deoxyribose sugar Phosphate groups Hydrogen bonds

STORES GENETIC INFORMATION/INSTRUCTIONS DNA Sugar DEOXYRIBOSE Bases A,T,C,G Number of strands 2 Location NUCLEUS Function STORES GENETIC INFORMATION/INSTRUCTIONS