Disaster Risk in BIMSTEC Countries Kamal Kishore National Disaster Management Authority, India 8 August 2017 Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi

BIMSTEC Context 4.7 million sq km of surface area Abundant human resource of 1.5 billion people Combined GDP of US$ 2.7 trillion 22% of world population Only 1.4% of world income 30% of the world poor 40% of world illiterates

BIMSTEC Context Bay of Bengal + the two land locked countries of Nepal and Bhutan are global disaster hotspots Earthquake, landslide, avalanche, flood, cyclone, tsunami, drought, forest fire etc Countries of the region have lost 2 to 20% to disasters Disasters further worsened conditions of poverty Aggravated the fragile eco-system of the region

Disaster Mortality by Disaster Type in BIMSTEC (1986-2015) Total: 515,378 60% 20% (includes tsunami) 12% 3% 1%

Disaster Mortality in BIMSTEC (Ten-year Moving Average 1995-2015)

Flood Mortality in BIMSTEC (Ten-year moving average 1995-2015)

Disaster Mortality as Proportion of Global Mortality (Ten-year moving average 1995-2015)

Disaster Mortality by Disaster Type in BIMSTEC (1986-2015) Large Chunk of Mortality attributed to Cyclones Bangladesh (1991) Myanmar (2008) India (1999) … but significant progress made in the last 15 years Earthquake mortality risk is very high and continues to rise 30-year period is too short Flood mortality risk is persistent at a significant level

What leads to high level disaster risk? HAZARDS almost all principal natural hazards: earthquakes, floods, cyclones, drought, and landslides EXPOSURE Large, disproportionate concentration of people, capital assets and economic activity in hazard prone areas. This exposure is increasing! VULNERABILITY Inherent vulnerability of the built environment, socio-economic systems, environmental concerns exacerbating risk

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