Introduction to Robotics History of ROBOTICS

Robotics Definition "A reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks" . Or a simpler version An automatic device that performs functions normally ascribed to humans or a machine in the form of a human. A laparoscopic robotic surgery machine

History of Robotics In 1495, Leonardo Da Vinci drew plans for a mechanical man. Model of Leonardo's robot with inner workings, as displayed in Berlin Leonardo's robot refers to a humanoid automaton designed by Leonardo da Vinci around the year 1464, when Leonardo was 12 years old. The design notes for the robot appear in sketchbooks that were rediscovered in the 1950s. Leonardo displayed his "robot" at a celebration hosted by Duke Sforza at the court of Milan in 1495. The robot knight could stand, sit, raise its visor and independently maneuver its arms. The entire robotic system was operated by a series of pulleys and cables. Since the discovery of the sketchbook, the robot has been built faithfully based on Leonardo's design; this proved it was fully functional, as Leonardo had planned.[1] The robot is a warrior, clad in German-Italian medieval armour, that is apparently able to make several human-like motions. These motions included sitting up, moving its arms, neck, and an anatomically correct jaw. Also it was most likely planned to be made with fluidity in combat. It is partially the fruit of Leonardo's anatomical research in the Canon of Proportions as described in the Vitruvian Man.

History of Robotics Karel and Josef Capek: The word ROBOT which is derived from the czech noun "robota" meaning "labor" is an accomplishment of Capek Brothers. Isaac Asimov: Science Fiction writer who moved into Robotics. Was the first used the term "robotics' to refer to the study of robotic applications. Unfortunately, because the popular image of a robot existed long before the technology of robotics came to be, there is a discrepancy between what most people think of a robot and what robots really are! The word first appeared in the play RUR published in 1920. Some claim that the word "robot" was first used in Josef Capek's short story Opilec (the Drunkard) published in the collection Lelio in 1917. According to the Capek brother's Society in Prague this is not correct. The word used in Opilec is "automat".

Asimov’s Law of Robotics (1942) A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm A robot must obey orders given it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.

Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) The branch of computer science that deals with writing computer programs that can solve problems creatively; "workers in AI hope to imitate or duplicate intelligence in computers and robots" ASIMO is physically anthropomorphic

History of Robotics There are many different definitions as to what actually constitutes a robot.

History of Robotics 1962-The Unimate created by George Devol was the first industrial operating robot arm. It was used for General Motors Assembly line in 1961. This lead to GM being the world's first robot manufacturing company. http://www.xtimeline.com/evt/view.aspx?id=113072 After the 1950’s the first commercial robot nicknamed the ‘ Unimate‘, was created. The first Unimate was installed at a General Motors plant to work with heated die casting machines

History of Robotics http://boingboing.net/2009/01/19/bob-may-robot-in-los.html Following the early instances of robots in plays and science fiction stories , robots then started to appear on television shows, like Lost in Space and then in Hollywood movies. In Lost in Space the robot demonstrated human characteristics such as feelings and emotions.

History of Robotics http://world.honda.com/news/2011/c111108All-new-ASIMO/ The all-new ASIMO is now advanced from an “automatic machine” to an “autonomous machine” with the decision-making capability to determine its behavior in concert with its surroundings such as movements of people