Gross Anatomical study of crude Drugs Histology of Cinnamon bark PH-103.85

DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION ANDHRA PRADESH Name : T.Sujata Designation : Lecturer in pharmacy Branch : Pharmacy Institute : GPW, Guntur Year : I D.Pharm. Subject : Pharmacognosy Subject Code : Ph -103 Topic : Gross Anatomical study of crude Drugs Duration : 50 minutes Sub topic : Histology of Cinnamon bark (3/8) Teaching aids : PPT, Photographs PH-103.85

Gross Anatomical Study of Crude Drugs Histology of Cinnamon Bark PH-103.85 3

Objectives On completion of this period you would able to learn about Biological Source Family Histology Constituents and Uses of Cinnamon bark PH-103.85

Can you identify this picture? Known to unknown Can you identify this picture? Cinnamon (Dalchini) Fig : 1 PH-103.85

Which part of the plant it is? Ans: Bark 2. How do you identify ? Ans: It looks like 3. Can we use this as medicinal purpose? Ans: Yes 4. How do you identify the genuenity of the drug? Ans; By Histological study PH-103.85

Family: Biological Source: Dried inner bark of the shoots of coppiced trees of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Family: Lauraceae PH-103.85

Histology A transverse section of cinnamon bark shows Cortex Fig.85.2 A transverse section of cinnamon bark shows Cortex Pericycle (stone cell layer) Pericyclic fibres Sclerides Secondary Phloem Phloem parenchyma Phloem Fibres Medullary rays Mucilage cells Oil cells PH-103.85

Fig.85.3 Cork Cork and primary cortex are absent but occasional patches can be seen Pericycle Light colored Wavy Longitudinal lines on out side of the bark PH-103.85 9

Pericyclic fibres In small groups 6 to 15 Lignified Sclerenchymatous Fig.85.4 Pericyclic fibres In small groups 6 to 15 Lignified Sclerenchymatous Occur at intervals PH-103.85 10

Sclerides 3 to 4 layers Pitted thickened Lignified walls Isodiametric Fig.85.5 3 to 4 layers Pitted thickened Lignified walls Isodiametric Tangentially elongated (U- shaped thickening) Starch grains PH-103.85

Secondary Phloem 1.Phloem parenchyma Parenchymatous Acicular calcium Fig.85.6 1.Phloem parenchyma Parenchymatous Acicular calcium oxalate crystals Starch grains (10µ dia) 2. Mucilage cells 3.Oil cells (big,isolated) 2 3 PH-103.85

Phloem Fibres Single Isolated or in small groups Circular Lignified with stratification 12 to 22 to 35µ in diameter 200 to 500 to 600µ long Fig.85.7 PH-103.85

Medullary rays Biseriate Narrow at inner side Wider towards out side Fig.85.8 Medullary rays Biseriate Narrow at inner side Wider towards out side Contains starch Acicular raphides PH-103.85

ChemicalConstituents Volatile oil ( 0.5- 1%) Cinnamic aldehyde Eugenol Terpenes Tannins PH-103.85

Uses Carminative Flavoring agent Mild astringent Aromatic Powerful germicide (oil) PH-103.85

QUIZ 1. How the pericyclic fibers are arranged in pericycle? Ans: 6 – 15 fibers in small groups at intervals 2. Name the other part present in pericycle. Ans: Sclerides 3. Whether oil cells are arranged in groups or as isolated? Ans: Isolated 4. What are the constituents of cinnamon? Ans: Cinnamic aldehyde,Eugenol. PH-103.85

Frequently Asked Questions 1. Mention the Morphology, chemical constituents and uses of cinnamon (Oct/Nov2006) What is bark? Write the morphology and histology of cinnamon (June 2002) What are carminatives? Write the Biological source, family, constituents and uses of Cinnamon.( April 2000) PH-103.85