INNOVATIONS IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT and natural Resource management: Linking Food Security, Rural Markets and Conservation A partnership between And the Government of Zambia For the promotion of wildlife management, tourism and sustained rural development in Zambia

Pilot project Area Malawi-Zambia Border

To a new idea … From Results … Food secure, farm-based communities with alternative sources of income to illegal use of wildlife can contribute positively to wildlife production To a new idea … From Results … Poor, unskilled farmers lacking food security cannot contribute positively to wildlife production and without alternative markets, wildlife becomes a viable commodity for poverty reduction.

Livelihood Needs and Environmental Challenges

Livelihood Needs and Environmental Challenges

The scale of cotton production is unprecedented in Zambia The scale of cotton production is unprecedented in Zambia. Shown here is one of numerous cotton depots in Eastern Province.

Livelihood Needs and Environmental Challenges

Livelihood Needs and Environmental Challenges

Livelihood Needs and Environmental Challenges

Livelihood Needs and Environmental Challenges

Livelihood Needs and Environmental Challenges

Is there a better way? Finding a balance between agriculture, markets and conservation: Increase food security Develop fair, legal trade opportunities Link trade benefits to improved land use Establish community, shareholder-owned company to sustain process Households market goods through producer groups with obligatory commitments to improved land use

Is there a better way? Finding a balance between agriculture, markets and conservation: Conservation area

From Theory to Action PRODUCER GROUP DEPOT REGIONAL MARKETS Trading Centre PRODUCER GROUP DEPOT REGIONAL MARKETS NATIONAL MARKETS LOCAL MARKETS TRADING CENTRE Depot

Community Markets for Conservation and Rural Livelihoods A Conservation-based Enterprise: COMACO Community Markets for Conservation and Rural Livelihoods Improve watersheds Improve rural livelihoods Increase natural resource production

Impact on food security, income, trade

Impact on food security, income, trade

Impact on food security, income, trade

Recovery of wire snares & illegal firearms

Recovery of wire snares & illegal firearms

Recovery of wire snares & illegal firearms

Recovery of wire snares & illegal firearms Percentage contrast of safari clients who complained about encountering snares while hunting

Impact on illegal hunting – poacher transformation

Impact on wildlife

Impact on wildlife Chanjuzi Chifunda Mwanya Hunting success Hunting effort

Impact on wildlife

Impact on wildlife

Impact on land use Market incentives to adopt alternative crops that minimize conflicts with wildlife and watershed 1500-2000 farmers to begin soybean farming in 2004 600 new rice farmers in 2005

Impact on land use Community-based land use plans and producer group conservation by-laws as preconditions for trade benefits Community land use decisions: Satisfying the CTC conditions

Community Tourism Bushcamps Comaco joint-ventures: community expeditions in wilderness living CTC with 35% share Community with 65% share Community Tourism Bushcamps Mfuwe Airport Zambia-Malawi Border

Improving household incomes Increasing household food security COMACO: Serving Zambia’s Rural Development Needs Improving household incomes Increasing household food security Promoting community support for natural resource management Reducing risks of disease transmission Increasing trade opportunities in ways that enhance natural resource management Reducing trends of watershed degradation Increasing wildlife populations Creating investment opportunities in tourism

Underlying theory for a wildlife / agriculture balance? Subsistence farmers, low density, food secure Subsistence farmers, medium density, not food secure Subsistence and cash crop farmers, medium density, not food secure, crops not environmentally friendly Subsistence and cash crop farmers, medium density, food secure, conservation-based farm markets Wildlife Production

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS World Food Program Whitley Laing Foundation Food & Agriculture Organization Liz Claibourne Art Ortenberg Foundation Canadian and German Embassies