DCE5011 Principles of Adult Education Overview of Section 1

Learning and School Education Death Learning – Spectrum Where school takes a small portion AGE 25 years SCHOOL 6 years Birth advance little Institutionalized

Education and Learning Look around us Where does education take place? Where does learning take place? Ponder on the following statement: In all education there is learning but not necessarily in all learning there is education

Adult Education and related concepts Adult Education -- a process whereby persons, whose major social roles are characteristics of adult status, undertake systematic and sustained learning activities for purpose of bringing about changes in knowledge, attitudes, values or skills. (Darkenwald and Merriam, 1982--pg9)

Purposes of Adult Education Cultivation of intellect individual self-actualization personal and social improvement social transformation organizational effectiveness

Adult Education has been around for decades Religious education Agricultural Extension Democratization of education Community Education Continuing Professional Education

Scope of Adult Education Varied, includes both formal and non formal; private and public sector 4 typologies of adult learning opportunities: independent ad.edu. Organization educational institutions quasi educational org. (eg. Library, museum) non educational org.(eg. Industry, armed forces)

Settings and scope of ad.edu There are differences between developed and third world countries major areas in third world: literacy civil and political education health and family life agricultural and vocational education where do you place Malaysia?

What are your understanding of the following concepts? andragogy Continuing education lifelong education/learning non formal education community education general/university extension in service training

Categories of Adult Learners Adults who are pursuing structured learning programmes Adults who are pursuing non-structured learning programmes Adults who are engaged in other forms of learning difference from the above

Adult Education opens the door to Pursuing education in specific areas of interest Formulate leraning program to fulfill needs of specific group To further enhance existing skills Inculcate values Provide opportunities for study without having to leave vocation Etc.

Importance of Adult Education Reasons for continued learning: occupational reasons new social roles and relationships changing interests and attitudes towards changing world/surroundigs Importance of ad.edu may be viewed from: demographics (compare M’sia with the west) economics(good times vs bad times) technology (IT, knowledge 1/2 life, new t.tech)

Impak Pendidikan Dewasa Sosio-ekonomi (menangani masalah kesihatan rakyat, meningkatkan produktiviti pertanian, meningkatkan kemahiran) Psiko-sosial (memupuk perpaduan, kestabilan, sedar sivik, amalan keagamaan) Fizikal, persekitaran dan persaingan global (pemantapkan pembangunan mapan, memupuk kesedaran alam sekitar, meningkatkan daya saing)

KEPENTINGAN PENDIDIKAN DEWASA Meningkatkan sosio-ekonomi rakyat Perubahan pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan Merealisasikan harapan rakyat dan matlamat negara Sebagai laluan kedua bagi yang tidak berpeluang untuk mengikuti pendidikan formal

How do see Adult Education? Age of instant communication World without economic boundaries New service society New age of Leisure Changing shape of work Women in leadership Growing underclass Active aging of the population New do-it-yourself boon Triumph of individual Discontinuity/ambivalence of values and beliefs

Reasons for participation and non participation Motivational orientation of learners (goal, oriented, and learning orientations) Barriers to participation (situational, institutional, dispositional, informational) Social perspective (maintenance of social system, reproduction of culture, individual advancement, legitimation, leisure time pursuit)

Sebab mengikuti program Pendidikan Dewasa kenaikan pangkat dalam organisasi Mengisi masa lapang Satu tuntutan Menangi masalah Mendalami hobi Maksud sosial Memenuhi kepuasan sendiri Tanggungjawab sosial Banyak lagi . . .

Sebab tidak ambil peluang Pendidikan Dewasa Kewangan Kesempitan masa    Kendiri (tidak berminat, malas, degil)   Tiada galakkan  Tiada kesedaran Lokasi yang jauh dengan sumber Tidak berpeluang Faktor kesihatan

Learning Styles (Rogers) Activist - directly involve in activities Observers - wait and watch, then act Theorists - generalize exp. then apply Experimenters - create and apply (learning styles vary according to type of learning - memorize, acquisition, experiment)

Learning Styles Auditory learners Visual Learners Learn by hearing key points Learning reinforce through spoken feedback Recall best what they hearned Visual Learners Learn thro seeing key words in written form Recall best when they read or seen Interested in actual work, role play

Learning Styles Hands-on-learner Mixture learning style Learn thro actual practice Respond well thro gp discussions Learn better with first hand experience Mixture learning style Best way to capture all audience

What is Adult Education to You? How did you arrive at your philosophy? What are your notions of the key elements of Adult Education? Learner Content Educator/Facilitator Environment Learning Community Your futuristic view of Adult Education