Renaissance and Reformation Western and Southern Europe: Examine the causes and results of the Renaissance and Reformation. Renaissance and Reformation

Renaissance Renaissance—Rebirth of thinking Humanism Renaissance Man—well rounded person in all areas (athletics, education and social) Da Vinci—Painter, sculptor, thinker –Renaissance Man Humanism—focus on mans potential and intellect not on religious ideals

Major Artists TMNT Leonardo Da Vinci Michelangelo—painter of Sistine Chapel and Statue of David Raphael—Painter of Madonna/ Child and School of Athens Donatello—Sculptor of David as a boy.

Thinker of Renaissance Machiavelli Wrote Prince To hold power be crafty “Better to be feared than loved” Thomas More Wrote Utopia Ideas for perfect society Erasmus Wrote Praise of Folly Poked fun at greed in society Vernacular—writing in own language (Latin) Gutenberg—developed printing press (Bible)

Reformation Causes for the Reformation Secularism and Humanism Challenging Popes authority Church wealth Church leaders had become to worldly Secularism– getting away from church ideas and more a worldly ideal Humanism- value outside of religion Challenging the Pope—Kings did not want to be told by the Pope what to do? ( Has the US ever worried about the problem with the Pope?) Churches were able to tax people and gained wealth. Kings had problems with that. Indulgences, sleeping with women and having children.

Reformation Leader—Martin Luther 95 Thesis (stated problems with the catholic church) Criticized selling indulgences Faith and good works needed for salvation All people have equal faith.

Reformation Responses to Luther Pope—excommunicated Luther Emperor Charles Edict of Worms German Princes protected Luther Protested Emperor Charles actions

England Goes Protestant England sets up Anglican Church Henry VIII wanted son Catherine of Aragon Anne Bolin Jane Seymour Elizabeth I would make England Protestant

Calvinism John Calvin Creates doctrine Predestination “elected” theocracy

Enlightenment Movement that valued reason and questioned traditions Enlightenment thinkers Montesquieu—separation of power Rousseau—individual freedoms Locke—natural rights (life, liberty, and property) Voltaire—religious freedom Wollstonecraft—women’s equality Beccaria—abolishment of torture.

Conclusion Which three people from the Renaissance, Enlightenment and Reformation had the greatest influence? Why? Transitions words needed No I or You statements Find one outside source (other than notes) for reasons Include a source siting. Internet or Book Example: World Book Encyclopedia, 1992 pg 122.