So what happened to the King???? Review Last time we met we talked about the causes and the events of the French Revolution. When we left off the king had officially accepted the National Assembly. In all the French Revolution was proving to be a success. The newly formed national assembly set themselves up with a separation of powers and it was official the government had been officially changed by the people. So what happened to the King????

The French Revolution Louis sent into exile. Then escaped. In the spring of 1792, Prussian and Austrian armies invade France and try to restore the Monarchy. The French people now had to protect their own country. Patriotic citizens then drove the Austrians out of France. Captured Louis XVI and executed him. Exile?? Louis was not alone Maria Antoinette got the cut as well.

The French Revolution The French created a force of 800,000 citizen-soldiers to lead France. This group scored victory after victory. This citizen-army was led by Maximilien Robespierre This began “The Reign of Terror”

The French Revolution The Jacobins were led by Maximilien Robespierre. Jacobins were a group of radical revolutionists.

The French Revolution “Reign of Terror” During Robespierre’s reign, over 40,000 people were executed. (This included anyone thought to be loyal to the King or anyone that could be a problem for Robespierre.)

Committee for Public Safety Under the command of Robespierre the Committee for Public Safety was formed. Main task of the Committee was to protect the revolution from its “enemies” The Committee for Public Safety and Robespierre put many men who had led the revolution to death. Who do you think these “enemies” were? These enemies were most often radicals that challenged his leadership.

No Rhyme or Reason Often times there was no rhyme or reason to the executions. The terror claimed not only the famous, such as Marie Antoinette, but thousands of unknown people. (many of which were from the former 3rd Estate.) Many fellow revolutionaries that challenged Robespierre’s leadership became victims. What do you think is ironic about the 3rd Estate being sent to death during the reign of terror? The only crimes that the fellow revolutionaries committed was being less radical than Robespierre

+ = Example of the Terror An 18 year old youth was sentenced to die for cutting down a tree that had been planted as a symbol of liberty. + Just think if a young man is being put to death for merely cutting down a tree….just what other things were individuals being executed for? =

From Speech to the National Convention- Maximilian Robespierre “Terror is nothing else than swift, severe, indomitable justice; it flows, then, from virtue.” From Speech to the National Convention- February 5, 1794: The Terror Justified Maximilian Robespierre Indomitable…can not be overcome Virtue…. moral excellence; goodness Writing Prompt ? What do you think Robespierre meant by this? How might this justify the terror?

An End to the Terror In July 1794 members of the National Convention turned on Robespierre. They demanded his arrest and execution. The terror ended on July 25, 1794. Robespierre, the revolutions last powerful leader went the guillotine. PEOPLE IN POWER TEND TO ABUSE IT! The national convention turned on Robespierre because they began to fear for their own safety.

The Aftermath After the execution of Robespierre and the end of the terror. Public opinion in France shifted dramatically to the right. People were sick of the terror and the sky rocketing prices for bread, salt and other necessities of life.

Introducing the Directory In 1795 The National Convention drafted a new constitution. The new plan: Put power in the hands of the upper bourgeoisie. Created a two-house legislature Formed an executive body of five men known as the directory. What is the bourgeoisie again?

Successes of the Directory Gave France a period of order. Directory found a new general to command the army. (Napoleon Bonaparte)