Renaissance & Reformation, 1350 – 1600 The Renaissance

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Presentation transcript:

Renaissance & Reformation, 1350 – 1600 The Renaissance Objective: Social, political, economic, and cultural changes associated with the Renaissance. Renaissance & Reformation, 1350 – 1600 The Renaissance

The Renaissance: “rebirth” of interest in the Classics; began in Italy Recovery from plague & decline in Church power New view of human beings: humanism

Italy: independent city-states Florence: birthplace of Renaissance, early 1400s, the Medici family Milan: crossroads of trade routes Venice: jewel of the Renaissance, late 1500s; trade link Europe & Asia

Renaissance Italy, 1500

Humanism: secular (worldly) rather than spiritual Emphasis on individual ability Education could dramatically change people Liberal studies or liberal arts were the core of humanist schools

Humanism

Johannes Gutenberg: “invented” printing press, 1440 Revolutionary printing method with moveable metal type Hastened spread of humanist learning

The Impact of Printing Johannes Gutenberg’s Bible, printed about 1455, was the first European book produced from movable type.

Gutenberg Bible

Vernacular literature: everyday or local language Petrarch: father of Italian Renaissance humanism; sonnets Dante: The Divine Comedy, journey from hell through purgatory to heaven Geoffrey Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales Machiavelli: The Prince, abandoned morality as basis for political activity Petrarch – Italian Humanist 1304 – 1374

Dante’s Divine Comedy, c. 1310

Geoffrey Chaucer, 1343 – 1400

Niccolò Machiavelli, 1469 – 1527

Italian Renaissance: art showed emotions & life like sculptures Painters: new techniques in painting, more realistic Filippo Brunelleschi: architect, dome for Cathedral of Florence Masters of the High Renaissance: three artistic giants Leonardo da Vinci: Mona Lisa & The Last Supper Rafael: numerous Madonnas; frescoes; School of Athens Michelangelo: La Pieta & Sistine Chapel ceiling

Filippo Brunelleschi, 1377 – 1446

The Duomo, Florence

Leonardo da Vinci

Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa

Da Vinci’s Last Supper

The Last Supper

Rafael

School of Athens by Rafael, 1510

Michelangelo

La Pieta by Michelangelo

The Creation of Adam, the Sistine Chapel

Artists of the Renaissance

Northern Renaissance Adapted Italian ideas to suit needs & traditions Looked more to Middle Ages than to Rome & Greece Jan & Hubert van Eyck: Flemish painters & brothers Developed the technique of painting in oils Painted scenes from the Bible & everyday life

Madonna by Jan van Eyck, 1436

Northern Renaissance cont…. Albrecht Durer: German, combined detail with Italian theories Writers Erasmus: The Praise of Folly attacked abuses The Elizabethan Age & William Shakespeare

Albrecht Durer, 1471 – 1528

Erasmus, 1466 – 1536

The Praise of Folly, 1509

“Age of Shakespeare” / “Elizabethan Era” 1623 Engraving Chandos Portrait Cobbe Portrait “Age of Shakespeare” / “Elizabethan Era”